JIAQING FOUR-CHARACTER SEAL MARK IN IRON-RED AND OF THE PERIOD

For an example molded with the emblems of the Eight Daoist Immortals see Hugh M. Moss, Victor Graham and Ka Bo Tsang, The Art of the Chinese Snuff Bottle, The J & J Collection, New York, 1993, vol. 1, pp. 397-398, where the authors discuss the likelihood of an Imperial workshop provenance on an un-marked bottle, verified by the Imperial mark on this example. The extremely high quality of both the molding and enamel painting on this example also clearly demonstrate the best of imperial workshop production.

For a cinnabar lacquer bottle, attributable to the Beijing Palace Workshops, also carved with the Eight Buddhist Emblems, see Lilla S. Perry, Chinese Snuff Bottles, Vermont and Tokyo, 1960, p. 38, no. 10.