Gustave Courbet*(French, 1819-1877) and Cherubin Pata*(French, 1827-1899)

Paysage de Jura

Details
Gustave Courbet*(French, 1819-1877) and Cherubin Pata*(French, 1827-1899)
Paysage de Jura
signed and indistinctly dated 'G. Courbet/...866' lower left
oil on canvas
70½ x 55¼in. (179 x 140.4cm.)
Provenance
With Galerie Heinemann, Munich (1921)
Private Collection, Lucerne (until 1952)
With Wildenstein and Co., New York (1952-1961)
High Museum of Art, Atlanta (1961-1975)
With Wolfgang Ketterer Gallery, Munich (1980)
Literature
J. Meier-Graefe, Courbet, Munich, 1921, pl. 73
V. Volavka, French Paintings and Engravings of the XIXth Century in Czechoslovakia, Prague, 1954, p. 116
La Chronique des Arts, in Gazetter des Beaux-Arts, February 1962, p. 39, pl. 144
Courbet und Deutschland, Hamburg, 1978, exh. cat., pp. 222-23, no. 234b, illustrated
Exhibited
Zurich, Kunsthaus, Gustave Courbet, December 15, 1935 - March 31, exh. cat., p.70, 1936, no. 84
New Orleans, Isaac Delgado Museum of Art, Masterpieces of French Painting through Five Centuries, October 17, 1953 - January 10, 1954, exh. cat., p.42, no.60
Atlanta, Atlanta Art Association, Landscape into Art, February 6-25, 1962, no. 36, illustrated
Atlanta, High Museum of Art, Masterpieces in the High Museum of Art, November 1965 - January 1966, exh. cat., illustrated
Kobe, Japan, The Museum of Modern Art, Hyogo, The Rediscovery of Nature: An Anthology of 19th Century Landscape Painting in the West, November 3-27, 1983, exh. cat., p.70, no.22, illustrated
This exhibition later traveled to the following museums in Japan: Iwate, The Iwate Prefectural Museum, December 2-25, 1983; Saitama, The Museum of Modern Art, January 5-29, 1984; Hiroshima, the Hiroshima Prefectural Museum, February 3-26, 1984 and Kitakyushu, The Kitakyushu Municipal Museum of Art, March 2-25, 1984

Lot Essay

Gustave Courbet was a rebel at the Salon. Hanging alongside mythological, religious and historical paintings by more traditional artists were Courbet's monumental canvases depicting scenes of daily life from his native Franche Comte. He was one of the first painters to elevate genre to an art form worthy of the Salon. He was criticized by the conservative reviewers and praised by the avant garde. His Salon entries between 1849 and 1851, After Dinner at Ornans(Palais des Beaux-Arts, Lille),Stonebreakers(formerly Dresden),Peasants of Flagey(Musée des Beaux-Arts, Besançon) and his controversial, A Burial at Ornans(Musée d'Orsay, Paris), were to become his trademark.

Our painting may be compared to a work of the same subject by Courbet in the National Gallery in Prague. The Prague picture is smaller and horizontal, and includes cattle watering in the lower left side of the composition. In both paintings, the setting is Ornans, the site of Courbet's homeland which provided the subject for most of his most important landscapes, and which also served as the background for his monumental work, A Burial at Ornans. Previously considered autograph (see Literature), Paysage de Jura has been recently reevaluated by Jean Jacques Fernier, who has distinguished Courbet's own hand from that of his Workshop. At least five painters worked in Courbet's atelier in 1873 at Ornans, and later at this workshop in la Tour de Peliz. Two of these artists have been identified by Fernier: Cherubin Pata and Marcel Ordinaire. While Paysage de Jura is signed by Courbet, he feels that the shepherd and donkey are by Pata. Certainly Courbet had confidence in his gifted student, Cherubin Pata, so that he signed a work that he considered fine enough to pass as his own creation.

The painting has been authenticated by Jean Jacques Fernier, and will be included in the forthcoming supplement to his catalogue raisonné under the category; "Tableaux peints en Collaboration."