Karl Friedrich Baumgarten was born at Lubeck in 1740 and came to England at the age of 17 to further his organ studies. In 1760 he was organist at the Lutheran Chapel in the Savoy, and by 1763 a violinist and leader of the orchestra at the Haymarket Theatre. He was invited by the Duke of Cumberland to lead own private band of musicians at this time, and also went to play at the Smock Alley Theatre in Dublin. Throughout the late 1760's and '70s he is recorded playing for the oratorios at Covent Garden, becoming their first violinist and leader for the seasons 1780-1 and again in 1793-4. Though considered by some to lead with spirit, Haydn was more critical of him, saying that he led 'a sleepy orchestra'. During this time he composed several overtures and incidental music for theatrical productions, as well as other pieces for the harpsichord and violin. He was much respected as a teacher and was considered to be very talented and charming, but lacking in ambition. He was Governor of the Royal Society of Musicians, and sat on their Court of Assistants. He died in London before 1 February 1824, the date on which an application was made to the Society for his funeral expenses.