A Belgian highly complicated quarter striking automaton skeleton clock with remontoire, and calendar
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A Belgian highly complicated quarter striking automaton skeleton clock with remontoire, and calendar

ATTRIBUTED TO HUBERT SARTON, LIEGE. CIRCA 1773

Details
A Belgian highly complicated quarter striking automaton skeleton clock with remontoire, and calendar
Attributed to Hubert Sarton, Liege. Circa 1773
The vari-coloured marble plinth in-set with an ormolu frieze cast with putti, the movement with very thick brass plates, pin-wheel escapement planted on the backplate with steel and brass-rod gridiron pendulum with knife-edge suspension with screw-nut rate adjustment, the pendulum hung to one side from a sturdy brass arm and connected to the movement by a Z-form brass crutch rod, pulley-and-weight system for the one-minute remontoire hanging from a sturdy brass arm on the opposite side of the movement, the pulleys with four fine crossings and brass-cased lead small weights, large brass adjustable fly for both remontoire and strike, fine quality wheel train with skeletonised thick brass plates, very large spring barrels with blued steel clicks, the movement secured to the plinth by means of heavy brass brackets with knurled nuts, both white enamel dials of annular form, the main automaton dial swinging from one side to the other in intervals of 60° on command from the remontoire released at minute intervals, the dial with Arabic chapters and inner concentric calendar ring with blued steel hands, with beaded bezels, the fixed calendar dial above with sweep centre seconds, day of week and month (in red), with blued steel hands, the strike on two bells above the movement via countwheel on the backplate; together with the original massive winding key
Key 21.5 cm. high
Provenance
Almost certainly made for the Duc de Lorraine, circa 1773.
Literature
Royer-Collard (F. B.), Skeleton Clocks, N.A.G., 1969, pp. 95-95, illustrated figs. 6-1, 2, 3, 4 & 5
Roberts (Derek), Continental Skeleton Clocks, Schiffer, 1989, pp. 180 & 181, illustrated col. pl. 177a. & 177b, c, d & e
Special notice
VAT rate of 5% is payable on hammer price plus buyer's premium.

Lot Essay

ALBERT ODMARK NOTES
Purchased Oct. 8th 1959 from Georges Baptiste, Brussels.

Royer-Collard (op. cit.) writes;
Complex clocks in the skeleton formula became so fantastic they must have surprised even the clockmakers. As most are not identified by their makers' name, the antiquarian horologist is often, as with a painting, left to decide whether a specific piece of workmanship should be attributed to a definite maker because it shows something of his flair or style. Frequently the written reference to a complicated clock is brief. Such a description may be see on page 335 in Baillie's Clocks and Watches, an historical biography (see lot 228). Under the reference circa 1790 Sarton, Hubert he writes "A clock was made for the Duke of Lorraine with a dial which moves once a minute through one hundred and eighty degrees about a vertical axis and then back, so as to show the time in all directions in a room". I found a copy of the booklet in the Ilbert Library at the British Horological Institute in London. (See catalogue illustration).

The 'booklet' was published (probably in miniscule numbers) in 1789 by Hubert Sarton and is an exhibition catalogue describing some of his best clocks for sale, his curious inventions; une nouvelle Machine á extraire la Houille et d'une reconstruction de la fameuse Machine de Marly. The description of the clock leaves no room for doubt that the present clock is either the one made for the Duc de Lorraine in 1773, or an identical timepiece which he made for himself la pareille se trouve encore actuellement chez l'auteur.

The clock's 'swing-head' assembly is probably unique - Sarton was obviously one of life's lateral thinkers, blessed with a clever, inventive mind that worked on a level that only natural intellects and geniuses can appreciate. His other well known skeleton clocks are further testament to his ingenuity, particularly his world time skeleton clocks that are avidly collected today.RSarton was not afraid of stepping away from mainstream horological design, his world time and astronomical skeleton clocks had a peculiar triangular formation. The present clock is totally unique, more akin to a standing figure with arms outstretched. There are no fewer than 722 parts to the movement of this monumental clock and every part and screw is marked in a unique manner and fits only into one spot to which it has been allocated - no production-line mechanics for this clock.

One can only speculate that the reason for the swinging dial was to enable to Duke to read the time from different positions within a room. Sarton's interpretation of the Duke's imagination resulted in a unique clock of great complexity and instantly recognisable features. It is brilliant and iconic example of 18th century clockmaking. A clock which has piqued the imagination of keen skeleton clock collectors for many years and who until now, have only been able to imagine what it may be like to own such a magnificent clock.

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