A WESTERN ASIAITIC COPPER COMBAT GROUP
THE PROPERTY OF NATHAN MARK SCHULMAN
A WESTERN ASIAITIC COPPER COMBAT GROUP

MESOPOTAMIAN OR ELAMITE, CIRCA MID 3RD MILLENNIUM B.C.

Details
A WESTERN ASIAITIC COPPER COMBAT GROUP
MESOPOTAMIAN OR ELAMITE, CIRCA MID 3RD MILLENNIUM B.C.
Depicting a contest between a hero and a lion, the standing combatants facing each other, the hero leaning forward and plunging a dagger with his raised right hand into the shoulder of the lion, his left hand grasping the lion's right foreleg, the lion rearing on its hind legs, its left foreleg positioned on the hero's back, its right foreleg on the hero's shoulder, the clean-shaven hero depicted nude but for a multicorded belt and a wrapped headdress, his large almond-shaped eyes inlaid in white shell, one inlay preserved, the pupil drilled, the arching brows merging with his prominent nose, his body with broad shoulders and a narrow torso, the lean lion with a tapering head, a ridge behind the rounded ears for the mane, its circular eyes hollowed and likely once inlaid
5 in. (12.7 cm.) high
Provenance
Ethel Schulman, grandmother of the current owner, acquired in Paris, circa 1950-1951.

Lot Essay

For a combat between a standing and a kneeling figure, both with their eyes similarly inlaid, see the group surmounting a rein ring from Luristan, circa 2500 B.C., now in the Louvre, no. 346 in Amiet, Art of the Ancient Near East. For similar facial features and inlaid eyes see the Elamite copper figure on a ceremonial pin from west Khozestan, no. 9 in Mahboubian, Art of Ancient Iran, Copper and Bronze.

Combat scenes between a hero and a lion had a long history in the ancient Near East. The subject makes its first appearance on cylinder seals beginning in the late 4th millennium B.C. For a relief contemporary with the present copper group see the upper portion of the granite stele from Warka depicting a hero dispatching a lion, no. 9A in Frankfort, The Art of the Ancient Near East. See also the lower half of a plaque showing a hero aiming his dagger at a lion attacking a bull, no. 51 in Harper, Aruz and Tallon, eds., The Royal City of Susa.

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