Edward John Dent (1790-1853) was the first to publish an account on middle temperature error in the Nautical Magazine of 1833. He was also one of the pioneers looking for a practical solution to the problem. In 1842 he took out patent No. 9302 which included various auxilliary compensation balances, one of which became known as Dent's Staple or Hurdy-Gurdy balance. This was on account of the U-shaped bimetal pieces carried on the ends of the cross bar. Dent used them very effectively on both chronometers and chronometer carriage clocks with great success, the most famous example their use in determining the longitude between Altona and Pulkowa in 1843-44.