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Lot Essay
"... the four countries: Italy, England, the United States, and France asked for my portrait. These were made and presented to all."
Commissioner Qiying to the Daoguang Emperor, 23 November1844
Qiying, the Viceroy of Liangjiang (1842-1844), wears the rank badge of the crane, the highest of the ten ranks of the civil Mandarins. Qiying concluded many treaties on behalf of the Chinese Emperor, including the Treaty of Nanking, which ended the First Opium War in 1842 and the Sino-American Treaty of Wangxia with Caleb Cushing in 1844. His failure to conclude negotiations with Britain and France at the end of the Second Opium War in 1858 led to his arrest and suicide.
Commissioner Qiying to the Daoguang Emperor, 23 November1844
Qiying, the Viceroy of Liangjiang (1842-1844), wears the rank badge of the crane, the highest of the ten ranks of the civil Mandarins. Qiying concluded many treaties on behalf of the Chinese Emperor, including the Treaty of Nanking, which ended the First Opium War in 1842 and the Sino-American Treaty of Wangxia with Caleb Cushing in 1844. His failure to conclude negotiations with Britain and France at the end of the Second Opium War in 1858 led to his arrest and suicide.