Property from the Collection of HARRIET AND MORTIMER SPILLER, BUFFALO, NEW YORK
Winslow Homer (1836-1910)

Tornado, Bahamas, 1885

Details
Winslow Homer (1836-1910)
Tornado, Bahamas, 1885
signed 'Winslow Homer' lower right
watercolor and pencil on paper
13½ x 19.3cm.
Provenance
The artist
Mrs. Charles S. Homer, Jr., (the artist's sister-in-law), gift from the above
Arthur P. and Charles L. Homer, by descent
M. Knoedler & Co., New York
Mr. and Mrs. Carleton Mitchell, Annapolis, Maryland
Wildenstein, & Co, New York
Acquired by the present owners from the above, circa 1969
Literature
William C. Church, "A Midwinter Resort," The Century Magazine, New York, February 1887, vol. XXXIII, no. 4, p. 501, illus.
Patti Hannaway, Winslow Homer in the Tropics, Richmond, Virginia, p. 149, pl. 4, illus.
Exhibited
New York, Reichard & Co., Watercolor Views by Winslow Homer, December 1885, no. 26 as Hurricane (possibly)
New York, New York Watercolor Club, Thirteenth Annual Exhibition, November-December 1902, no. 11 as Approach of Tornado
Brooklyn, New York, The Museum of the Brooklyn Institute, Water Colors by Winslow Homer, October-November 1915, no. 13 as Tornado, Key West
Brooklyn, New York, The Museum of the Brooklyn Institute, Historical Exhibition of Paintings to Celebrate the Opening of the Catskill Aqueduct, November 1917
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, Carnegie Institute, Water Colors by Winslow Homer, September-October 1923, no. 46
Prout's Neck, Maine, Prout's Neck Association, Century Loan Exhibition as a Memorial to Winslow Homer, July-August 1936, no. 53
New York, Macbeth Gallery, An Introduction to Homer, December 1936-January 1937, no. 58
Boston, Massachusetts, Friends of the Boston Symphony Orchestra, Exhibition of Paintings by Winslow Homer (1836-1910), December 1937 New York, Macbeth Gallery, Winslow Homer Water Colors and Early Oils from the Estate of Mrs. Charles S. Homer and Other Sources, May-June 1938, no. 12
Baltimore, Maryland, Baltimore Museum of Art, 1953-1955, extended loan
New York, Whitney Museum of American Art, Winslow Homer, April-June 1973, no. 110 and then travelling

Lot Essay

RELATED WORKS:
Hurricane, Bahamas, 1898, watercolor on paper, 14½ x 21in., The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York

Winslow Homer executed Tornado, Bahamas during his first visit to the Bahamas in the winter of 1884-85. This was the artist's first vacation away from Prout's Neck, Maine, where he had made his permanent home in 1883 upon his return from Cullercoats, England. Upon arrival in Nassau, the Bahamas, which was fast becoming a popular resort, Homer was immediately taken with the dazzling light and brilliant colors of the tropical island--qualities perfectly suited for expression in watercolor.

Tornado, Bahamas may depict Grant's Town, a community populated by local laborers that was comprised of wooden huts with clapboards and shuttered windows. The village was popular with tourists because of its picturesque qualities. During this visit to Nassau, Homer executed several watercolors of such charming buildings set against brilliant blue skies or tropical foliage. The watercolors from this group are characterized by the artist's continued exploration of light, atmosphere and weather conditions--subject matter familiar to him from time spent in Maine, England and Gloucester, Massachusetts. For example, the approaching storm clouds seen in the upper left of Tornado, Bahamas as well as the figures seen closing the shutters of the huts' windows recall themes in Homer's English watercolors of 1881-82 in which he captured the power of the North Sea's fierce gales. At the same time, this interest in approaching storms seen in Tornado, Bahamas anticipates his great oil paintings of the 1890s that display the power and fury of the ocean storms of the Maine coast.
Although local subject matter fascinated Homer, it was the natural splendor of the tropics that has the most powerful influence on the artist. H. Cooper writes, "Formally, the Caribbean light had a liberating--and lasting--effect on Homer's watercolor style. The Bahamas sheets are painted with free and gestural strokes in transparent washes often of brilliant colors, leaving large areas of white paper exposed. Their style was undoubtedly affected by the conditions of their creation: painted outdoors, and quickly, before the watery pigment could dry under the hot sun. With fewer spongings, scrapings, and lift-outs, they have a direct, seemingly unpremeditated execution. Homer was able suddenly to say things that had before been communicated only with effort." (Winslow Homer Watercolors, Washington, DC, 1986, p. 134)

This painting will be included in the forthcoming Spanierman Gallery/CUNY/Goodrich/Whitney catalogue raisonné of the works of Winslow Homer.