The artist of the first piece is Hoshunsai Masayuki, who was a leading artist of the Asakusa school and worked in the period Kyoka-Bunsei (1801-29). He worked to an equally high standard in both wood and stag antler. For the signature and kao, see Lazarnick, George, Netsuke and Inro Artists and how to Read their Signatures, (Honolulu, 1982), p. 747, and Davey, Neil K, Netsuke: A Study of the M. T. Hinson Collection, (London, 1974), p. 182. for the subject see The Go Collection of Netsuke (Tokyo National Museum), p. 101, no. 180 and 181.