A very similar painting in terms of composition, style and size is in the Shinshogokuraku Temple in Japan. This painting is described as dating to the Southern Song dynasty and depicting the bodhisattva Puxian (Samantabhadra), who often appears with an elephant (Suzuki Kei, Comprehensive Illustrated Catalogue of Chinese Paintings, Tokyo, 1982-3, vol. 4, JT168-001).