Fernand Léger (1881-1955)

Nature morte, fond bleu ( l'toile)

Details
Fernand Lger (1881-1955)
Lger, F.
Nature morte, fond bleu ( l'toile)
signed and dated 'F.LEGER 37' (lower right); signed and dated again and titled 'NATURE MORTE fond bleu (A L'ETOILE) F.LEGER 37' (on the reverse)
oil on canvas
35.1/8 x 51 in. (89.2 x 129.5 cm.)
Painted in 1937
Provenance
Mme. F. Lger, Paris.
Galerie Louis Carr, Paris.
Galerie Louise Leiris, Paris.
Marlborough Fine Art Ltd., London.
Acquired from the above by the present owner, 14 July 1989.
Literature
M. Jardot and K. Martin, Les matres de la franaise contemporaine, Baden-Baden, 1949, p. 24 (illustrated).
A. Verdet, Fernand Lger, Geneva, 1956, p. 62 (illustrated in color, pl. 18).
G. Bauquier, Fernand Lger, Catalogue raisonn de l'oeuvre peint, Paris, 1996, vol. V (1932-1937), p. 226, no. 930 (illustrated in color, p. 227).
Exhibited
Stockholm, Svensk-Franska Konstgalleriet, Retrospektive Utstllning Fernand Lger, May-June 1948, no. 29.
Fribourg-en-Brisgau, Landesamt fr Museen, Fernand Lger, September 1949, no. 24.
Copenhagen, Kunstforeningen, Retrospektiv Udstilling F. Lger, January-February 1951, no. 29.
Muse de Lyon, Fernand Lger, June-September 1955, no. 54.
Paris, Muse des Arts Dcoratifs; Brussels, Palais des Beaux Arts; Amsterdam, Stedelijk Museum; Eindhoven, Stedelijk van Abbemuseum; Munich, Haus der Kunst (no. 81); Kunsthalle Basel (no. 73); and Kunsthaus Zurich, Fernand Lger, June 1956-August 1957, p. 258, no. 94 (illustrated, p. 259).
Baden-Baden, Staatliche Kunsthalle, Fernand Lger: Gmalde, Gouachen, Zeichnungen., June-September 1967, no. 9 (illustrated).
Dusseldorf, Stdtische Kunsthalle, Fernand Lger, December 1969-February 1970, no. 69.
Tokyo, Galerie Seibu; Nagoya, Galeries Meitetsu; and Fukuoka, Centre Culturel, Rtrospective Fernand Lger, March-May 1972, no. 51 (illustrated).
London, Marlborough Fine Art Ltd., Selected European Masters of the 19th and 20th Centuries, summer 1973, no. 40 (illustrated).
Malines, Stad Mechelen, Cultureel Centrum, Burgemeester A. Spinoy, Fernand Lger, 1979, no. 61.
Caracas, Museo de Arte Contemporneo, Fernand Lger, October 1982, no. 43 (illustrated in color, p. 71).
New York, Marlborough Gallery, Inc.; and Toyko, Marlborough Fine Art Ltd. (no. 10), Masters of the XIXth and XXth Centuries, 1983, no. 26 (illustrated in color).
London, The Whitechapel Art Gallery; and Stuttgart, Staatsgalerie (no. 22), Fernand Lger, The Later Years, November 1987-June 1988, no. 13 (illustrated in color, pl. 20).
Paris, Muse des Arts Dcoratifs, Les annes U.A.M. 1929-1958, September 1988-January 1989, no. 215 (titled Fleurs polychromes).

Lot Essay

This painting is an outstanding example of one of the key compositions from the middle of Lger's career. He painted two variations of this composition in 1936 and seven in 1937; and its fundamental contrast of biomorphic and anthropomorphic shapes was a major concern of the painter in a number of his most important projects of the 1930s, including La baigneuse of 1931 (Bauquier, no. 762; Private collection), Composition aux deux perroquets of 1935-1939 (Bauquier, no. 881; Muse National d'Art Moderne, Centre Georges Pompidou, Paris), and Adam et Eve of 1935-1939 (Bauquier, no. 880; Kunstsammlung Nordrhein-Westfalen, Dusseldorf). The contrast of the human and the bioplasmic first appears in Lger's work in Femme et fleur of 1926 (Bauquier, no. 445; Private Collection), but it does not become a predominant theme until the 1930s, with La baigneuse. The present work belongs to Lger's most abstract series founded on this contrast, and it anticipates the artist's development over the next decade. As Peter de Francia has commented:

"For Lger 1937 was an extraordinarily prolific year... He was beginning to paint in a way that was to continue till the mid-1940s: wide, part-landscape paintings in which heavy polychromed elements appear to float free, intertwined with tree roots and wispy tendrils." (P. de Francia, op. cit., p. 187)

The evolution of the present painting's composition can be plotted over the course of many projects, beginning with Femme et fleur in 1926. The next step was Composition aux deux profils, no. 1 in 1933 (Bauquier, no. 832; Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire), in which one finds for the first time the contrast of a pair of simply rendered heads and a large biomorphic shape with radiating arms. His fascination with the composition intensified in 1937, a highly productive year in which he made seven variations of the painting. The present painting--and the other versions from that year--have an unprecedented complexity of form, exuberance of movement and brilliance of color.

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