PHILIP II, KING OF SPAIN (1527-1598)
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PHILIP II, KING OF SPAIN (1527-1598)

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PHILIP II, KING OF SPAIN (1527-1598)
One-page folio letter, in French, signed, to the aldermen and councillors of 'sHertogenbosch, Madrid, 1 April 1588, countersigned 'P. De La Loo', integral address leaf, traces of papered seal, expressing regret at the news in their letter of 31 December that, owing to bad weather, the Duke of Parma has not been able to relieve 'sHertogenbosch and the surrounding country from the troubles they describe (the ravages of warfare having devastated the area and brought trade to a standstill). He assures them that he has repeatedly charged Parma to use every means possible to help them, and expresses a pious hope that their circumstances may soon change for the better (sealing cuts, two small punctures touching two words, slight crumpling to outer margin). With two engraved portraits of Philip II.
(3)
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Lot Essay

Alessandro Farnese, Duke of Parma, was appointed Governor-General of the Netherlands in 1578. His brilliant attempt to prevent the secession of the United Provinces was at its high water mark at the beginning of 1588, when the defeat of the Armada was to prove the first of several disabling distractions. 'sHertogenbosch, the capital of North Brabant was, by its central position, particularly exposed to the vicissitudes of the conflict.

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