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细节
BOOK OF HOURS, use of Paris, in Latin and French, ILLUMINATED MANUSCRIPT ON VELLUM
[France, c.1480]
176 x 123mm. i + 188 leaves, mostly in gatherings of eight and, apparently, lacking only one folio, vertical catchwords at inner lower margin of final versos, 16 lines written in black ink in a gothic bookhand between two verticals and 17 horizontals ruled in pink, justification: 102 x 74mm, rubrics in red or blue, text capitals touched yellow, one- and two-line initials of burnished gold on blue or red grounds with infills of the contrasting colour with white tracery, similar line-endings, four-line initials with blue staves on gold and red grounds, the infills decorated with flowers, FIFTEEN LARGE MINIATURES with full-page borders, the miniature in an arch-topped 'jewelled' frame, borders with divided grounds with sprays of blue and gold acanthus on unpainted vellum and naturalistic fruit and flowers in liquid gold, TWENTY SMALL MINIATURES with three-sided borders of similar type (hole in front endleaf, occasional small spots and offsetting in margins and smudging to final three small miniatures and Gabriel's face on f.29). Late 16th-century French calf gilt, with a triple fillet border and central medallions with curling foliage on a hatched ground, two brass clasp hinges and catches at fore-edge, spine in five compartments tooled in gilt with a clover-spray (joints cracked, spine restored, lacking clasp straps). Red wrapround slip-cover.
PROVENANCE:
1. The origin and intended use of the manuscript in Paris, which is suggested by the use of the Office of the Virgin, is confirmed by the presence in the Calendar of Marcel, Bishop of Paris, in gold (3 November); Marcel is also include in the Litany, where Geneviève leads the Virgins. Sts Fiacre and Geneviève who both appear in the Calendar and among the Suffrages were also especially venerated in the capital.
2. Inscription on front endleaf: L z D E
3. Croiser family: an inscription dated 2 February 1602 on the front endleaf records the ownership of the manuscript by Claude Franquelin, mother of the late M. Croiser 'mon beaupere', who gave it to Elisabet Croiser, wife of the writer.
4. Erased inscription signed Dupoyer and dated February 1692 upside down on rear endleaf
CONTENT:
Calendar ff.1-12v; Gospel extracts ff. 14-20: John f.14, Luke f.16,
Matthew f.17v, Mark f.19; Obsecro te ff.21-25; O Intemerata ff.25-27v; Office of the Virgin use of Paris ff.29-92: matins f.29, lauds f.50, prime f.61, terce f.67, sext f.71, none f.75, vespers f.80, compline f.87; Seven Penitential Psalms and Litany ff. 93-110; Hours of the Cross f.111-114; Hours of the Holy Spirit ff.115-117v; Office of the Dead ff.118-162; Fifteen Joys of the Virgin, lacking end ff.163-166; Seven Requests to our Lord, lacking opening ff.167-169; Suffrages ff.170-187: to Trinity f.170, Michael f.170v, John the Baptist f.171, Peter and Paul f.171v, James f.172, Christopher f.172v, Sebastian f.174, Denis f.175v, Gervasius and Protasius f.176, all martyr Saints f.177v, Nicholas f.177v, Claud f.178, Anthony f.179, Fiacre f.179v, Francis f.180v, Maur f.181, Martin of Tours f.181v, Anne f.182, Mary Magdalene f.182v, Catherine f.183, Barbara f.183v, Geneviève f.184v, Opportuna f.185, Prayers to the Virgin, opening Salve regina misericordie vita dulcedo ff.185v-187
ILLUMINATION:
This extensively illustrated Book of Hours shows illuminators adapting their techniques to the demands of the marketplace to produce a satisfyingly showy volume with efficiency and skill. The illumination with its darker hues enhanced by liquid gold modelling and detailing -- even of Job's dungheap -- is typical of conventions fashionable around 1480 in northern France. Liquid gold is also extensively used in the borders. The neatly hatched and cross-hatched gold contrasts with the more spontaneous execution of flesh areas; this gives energy to the figures which are further animated by their expansive gestures.
The subjects of the miniatures are as follows:
f.14 St John on Patmos, writing
f.16 St Luke, seated at a desk, reading (small miniature)
f.17v St Matthew, seated reading from a book held by angel (small miniature)
f.19 St Mark, seated, writing on a scroll, watched by his mustachioed lion (small miniature)
f.21 Pietà
f.25 Virgo lactans
f.29 Annunciation
f.50 Visitation
f.61 Nativity, with the Virgin and Joseph adoring the Christ Child
f.67 Annunciation to the Shepherds
f.71 Adoration of the Magi
f.75 Presentation in the Temple
f.80 Flight into Egypt, with the idol breaking
f.87 Coronation of the Virgin
f.93 David slaying Goliath
f.111 Crucifixion, with the Virgin and John the Evangelist on the left of the cross and Longinus and Stephaton on the right
f.115 Pentecost
f.118 Job on the Dungheap
f.163 Virgin and Child enthroned beneath a canopy held by angels
f.170 Gnadenstuhl Trinity (small miniature)
f.170v St Michael vanquishing Lucifer (small miniature)
f.171v Sts Peter and Paul (small miniature)
f.172v St Christopher (small miniature)
f.174 Martyrdom of St Sebastian (small miniature)
f.175v St Denis (small miniature)
f.177 Martyr Saints (small miniature)
f.177v St Nicholas reviving the Three Boys (small miniature)
f.178v St Claude
f.180 St Fiacre (small miniature)
f.180 Stigmatisation of St Francis (small miniature)
f.181v St Martin dividing his cloak (small miniature)
f.182v St Mary Magdalene (small miniature)
f.184v St Geneviève (small miniature)
f.185v Virgin as the woman clothed in the sun (small miniature)
f.186v Virgin, in three-quarter length (small miniature)
[France, c.1480]
176 x 123mm. i + 188 leaves, mostly in gatherings of eight and, apparently, lacking only one folio, vertical catchwords at inner lower margin of final versos, 16 lines written in black ink in a gothic bookhand between two verticals and 17 horizontals ruled in pink, justification: 102 x 74mm, rubrics in red or blue, text capitals touched yellow, one- and two-line initials of burnished gold on blue or red grounds with infills of the contrasting colour with white tracery, similar line-endings, four-line initials with blue staves on gold and red grounds, the infills decorated with flowers, FIFTEEN LARGE MINIATURES with full-page borders, the miniature in an arch-topped 'jewelled' frame, borders with divided grounds with sprays of blue and gold acanthus on unpainted vellum and naturalistic fruit and flowers in liquid gold, TWENTY SMALL MINIATURES with three-sided borders of similar type (hole in front endleaf, occasional small spots and offsetting in margins and smudging to final three small miniatures and Gabriel's face on f.29). Late 16th-century French calf gilt, with a triple fillet border and central medallions with curling foliage on a hatched ground, two brass clasp hinges and catches at fore-edge, spine in five compartments tooled in gilt with a clover-spray (joints cracked, spine restored, lacking clasp straps). Red wrapround slip-cover.
PROVENANCE:
1. The origin and intended use of the manuscript in Paris, which is suggested by the use of the Office of the Virgin, is confirmed by the presence in the Calendar of Marcel, Bishop of Paris, in gold (3 November); Marcel is also include in the Litany, where Geneviève leads the Virgins. Sts Fiacre and Geneviève who both appear in the Calendar and among the Suffrages were also especially venerated in the capital.
2. Inscription on front endleaf: L z D E
3. Croiser family: an inscription dated 2 February 1602 on the front endleaf records the ownership of the manuscript by Claude Franquelin, mother of the late M. Croiser 'mon beaupere', who gave it to Elisabet Croiser, wife of the writer.
4. Erased inscription signed Dupoyer and dated February 1692 upside down on rear endleaf
CONTENT:
Calendar ff.1-12v; Gospel extracts ff. 14-20: John f.14, Luke f.16,
Matthew f.17v, Mark f.19; Obsecro te ff.21-25; O Intemerata ff.25-27v; Office of the Virgin use of Paris ff.29-92: matins f.29, lauds f.50, prime f.61, terce f.67, sext f.71, none f.75, vespers f.80, compline f.87; Seven Penitential Psalms and Litany ff. 93-110; Hours of the Cross f.111-114; Hours of the Holy Spirit ff.115-117v; Office of the Dead ff.118-162; Fifteen Joys of the Virgin, lacking end ff.163-166; Seven Requests to our Lord, lacking opening ff.167-169; Suffrages ff.170-187: to Trinity f.170, Michael f.170v, John the Baptist f.171, Peter and Paul f.171v, James f.172, Christopher f.172v, Sebastian f.174, Denis f.175v, Gervasius and Protasius f.176, all martyr Saints f.177v, Nicholas f.177v, Claud f.178, Anthony f.179, Fiacre f.179v, Francis f.180v, Maur f.181, Martin of Tours f.181v, Anne f.182, Mary Magdalene f.182v, Catherine f.183, Barbara f.183v, Geneviève f.184v, Opportuna f.185, Prayers to the Virgin, opening Salve regina misericordie vita dulcedo ff.185v-187
ILLUMINATION:
This extensively illustrated Book of Hours shows illuminators adapting their techniques to the demands of the marketplace to produce a satisfyingly showy volume with efficiency and skill. The illumination with its darker hues enhanced by liquid gold modelling and detailing -- even of Job's dungheap -- is typical of conventions fashionable around 1480 in northern France. Liquid gold is also extensively used in the borders. The neatly hatched and cross-hatched gold contrasts with the more spontaneous execution of flesh areas; this gives energy to the figures which are further animated by their expansive gestures.
The subjects of the miniatures are as follows:
f.14 St John on Patmos, writing
f.16 St Luke, seated at a desk, reading (small miniature)
f.17v St Matthew, seated reading from a book held by angel (small miniature)
f.19 St Mark, seated, writing on a scroll, watched by his mustachioed lion (small miniature)
f.21 Pietà
f.25 Virgo lactans
f.29 Annunciation
f.50 Visitation
f.61 Nativity, with the Virgin and Joseph adoring the Christ Child
f.67 Annunciation to the Shepherds
f.71 Adoration of the Magi
f.75 Presentation in the Temple
f.80 Flight into Egypt, with the idol breaking
f.87 Coronation of the Virgin
f.93 David slaying Goliath
f.111 Crucifixion, with the Virgin and John the Evangelist on the left of the cross and Longinus and Stephaton on the right
f.115 Pentecost
f.118 Job on the Dungheap
f.163 Virgin and Child enthroned beneath a canopy held by angels
f.170 Gnadenstuhl Trinity (small miniature)
f.170v St Michael vanquishing Lucifer (small miniature)
f.171v Sts Peter and Paul (small miniature)
f.172v St Christopher (small miniature)
f.174 Martyrdom of St Sebastian (small miniature)
f.175v St Denis (small miniature)
f.177 Martyr Saints (small miniature)
f.177v St Nicholas reviving the Three Boys (small miniature)
f.178v St Claude
f.180 St Fiacre (small miniature)
f.180 Stigmatisation of St Francis (small miniature)
f.181v St Martin dividing his cloak (small miniature)
f.182v St Mary Magdalene (small miniature)
f.184v St Geneviève (small miniature)
f.185v Virgin as the woman clothed in the sun (small miniature)
f.186v Virgin, in three-quarter length (small miniature)
注意事项
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