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拍品專文
Pierre Macret was appointed marchand-ébéniste privilégié du Roi suivant la cour et conseils de sa majesté in 1756.
The attribution of this exceptional commode to Pierre Macret rests upon the bronzes, which are characteristic of his oeuvre. A commode stamped by Macret, of slightly larger dimensions but enriched with bronzes of exactly the same model - not only the chutes but also the encadrements and tablier - formerly in the collection of Baron Lepic, was sold by Francis Guérault in Paris, 16 May 1935, lot 93.
A further commode in red lacquer, also unstamped and traditionally associated with the oeuvre of B.V.R.B. but now reattributed to Pierre Macret, is in the Musée du Louvre (donation M. et Mme. Grog, 1973, Inv. OA 10457). This latter commode was exhibited in Louis XV, Un Moment de Perfection de l'Art Français, hôtel de la Monnaie, Paris, 1974, no.434.
Pierre Verlet saw this model of commode as the precursor of the series of commodes by Joseph Baumhauer, dit Joseph, now conserved in the Jones Collection at the Victoria & Albert Museum, London (1013 -1921), in the J. Paul Getty Museum, Los Angeles (55DA2) and in the Widener Collection at the National Gallery of Art, Washington D.C. (Inv. C264 and C265).
Whilst the bronzes of all of these commodes display stylistic affinites because they were conceived at the same period, they differ totally in their modelling and cannot therefore be confused with the oeuvres of either B.V.R.B. II or Joseph.
These commodes can be dated to around 1755, when Pierre Macret was working for the marchands-merciers Pierre II Migeon, Simon-Philippe Poirier and Lazare Duvaux. The latter, on his death in 1758, owed Macret 1169 livres.
PIERRE MACRET
Pierre Macret, born in 1727, married at the age of 20 and, in
December 1756 became marchand-ébéniste privilégié du Roi suivant la cour et conseils de sa majesté, replacing the widow of Latz. The records of the marchand-mercier Lazare Duvaux reveal a debt of 1169 livres to Macret by December 1758. At the same time he worked with the marchand Darnault, demonstrated by a commode which was sold anonymously at Christie's Monaco, 20 June 1994, lot 362. Newspaper advertisements reveal that he worked in the rue Saint Honoré in the hotel d'Auvergne, close to Saint Roch, in 1763. He made embroidery frames as well as small chiffonnières with floral marquetry.
In 1767 he had a dispute with one of his important clients, Gaillard de Beaumanoir, concerning a secrétaire which the ébéniste had to alter on the instructions of the client. This transformation of adding three drawers above a reduced fallfront was badly executed and the two craftsmen who had to judge the piece contradicted each other. Macret had chosen Adrien Delorme and Beaumanoir, Montigny.
The marquis de Marigny, Directeur des Bâtiments, bought 1890 livres worth of furniture from him in 1770. In 1771 Macret changed his status and became marchand-mercier in Paris. He was fournisseur ordinaire des menus-plaisirs du Roi from 1764 to 1771. In accordance with his new status he chose a more comfortable house in the rue Saint-Honoré, in April 1772. It was a strategic choice, his new home being close to Dulac, Poirier and Granchez, which furthered his business. His son Pierre-François helped his father and in 1774, when he married the daughter of a fondeur, he also became a marchand-mercier.
Shortly before 1772 he delivered 1222 livres worth of furniture to the Dauphine Marie-Antoinette, and the marquis de Monconseil, father of princesse d'Henin, had ordered furniture valued at 4690 livres.
Many of the bronzes which enriched his furniture were cast and chased by Philippe Pajot who, in 1761, had his workshop in the same building as Macret. In December 1774 and May 1775 he sold his tools and stock to concentrate fully on the trade with objets de luxe. In 1781 he qualified as a bourgeois de Paris.
Macret had three children and in 1777 bought a large property in the rue Moreau, in the faubourg Saint Antoine. He built several houses which he rented out on this property and he further bought a farm in Tournon, Brie. He seems to have retired in 1787, and was still alive when his wife died in 1798.
His works are exhibited in many museums including the Nissim de Camondo, Paris; the Château de Versailles; the Cleveland Museum of Art; Hillwood House, Washington D.C.; The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York and the Thyssen-Bornemisza Collection.
The attribution of this exceptional commode to Pierre Macret rests upon the bronzes, which are characteristic of his oeuvre. A commode stamped by Macret, of slightly larger dimensions but enriched with bronzes of exactly the same model - not only the chutes but also the encadrements and tablier - formerly in the collection of Baron Lepic, was sold by Francis Guérault in Paris, 16 May 1935, lot 93.
A further commode in red lacquer, also unstamped and traditionally associated with the oeuvre of B.V.R.B. but now reattributed to Pierre Macret, is in the Musée du Louvre (donation M. et Mme. Grog, 1973, Inv. OA 10457). This latter commode was exhibited in Louis XV, Un Moment de Perfection de l'Art Français, hôtel de la Monnaie, Paris, 1974, no.434.
Pierre Verlet saw this model of commode as the precursor of the series of commodes by Joseph Baumhauer, dit Joseph, now conserved in the Jones Collection at the Victoria & Albert Museum, London (1013 -1921), in the J. Paul Getty Museum, Los Angeles (55DA2) and in the Widener Collection at the National Gallery of Art, Washington D.C. (Inv. C264 and C265).
Whilst the bronzes of all of these commodes display stylistic affinites because they were conceived at the same period, they differ totally in their modelling and cannot therefore be confused with the oeuvres of either B.V.R.B. II or Joseph.
These commodes can be dated to around 1755, when Pierre Macret was working for the marchands-merciers Pierre II Migeon, Simon-Philippe Poirier and Lazare Duvaux. The latter, on his death in 1758, owed Macret 1169 livres.
PIERRE MACRET
Pierre Macret, born in 1727, married at the age of 20 and, in
December 1756 became marchand-ébéniste privilégié du Roi suivant la cour et conseils de sa majesté, replacing the widow of Latz. The records of the marchand-mercier Lazare Duvaux reveal a debt of 1169 livres to Macret by December 1758. At the same time he worked with the marchand Darnault, demonstrated by a commode which was sold anonymously at Christie's Monaco, 20 June 1994, lot 362. Newspaper advertisements reveal that he worked in the rue Saint Honoré in the hotel d'Auvergne, close to Saint Roch, in 1763. He made embroidery frames as well as small chiffonnières with floral marquetry.
In 1767 he had a dispute with one of his important clients, Gaillard de Beaumanoir, concerning a secrétaire which the ébéniste had to alter on the instructions of the client. This transformation of adding three drawers above a reduced fallfront was badly executed and the two craftsmen who had to judge the piece contradicted each other. Macret had chosen Adrien Delorme and Beaumanoir, Montigny.
The marquis de Marigny, Directeur des Bâtiments, bought 1890 livres worth of furniture from him in 1770. In 1771 Macret changed his status and became marchand-mercier in Paris. He was fournisseur ordinaire des menus-plaisirs du Roi from 1764 to 1771. In accordance with his new status he chose a more comfortable house in the rue Saint-Honoré, in April 1772. It was a strategic choice, his new home being close to Dulac, Poirier and Granchez, which furthered his business. His son Pierre-François helped his father and in 1774, when he married the daughter of a fondeur, he also became a marchand-mercier.
Shortly before 1772 he delivered 1222 livres worth of furniture to the Dauphine Marie-Antoinette, and the marquis de Monconseil, father of princesse d'Henin, had ordered furniture valued at 4690 livres.
Many of the bronzes which enriched his furniture were cast and chased by Philippe Pajot who, in 1761, had his workshop in the same building as Macret. In December 1774 and May 1775 he sold his tools and stock to concentrate fully on the trade with objets de luxe. In 1781 he qualified as a bourgeois de Paris.
Macret had three children and in 1777 bought a large property in the rue Moreau, in the faubourg Saint Antoine. He built several houses which he rented out on this property and he further bought a farm in Tournon, Brie. He seems to have retired in 1787, and was still alive when his wife died in 1798.
His works are exhibited in many museums including the Nissim de Camondo, Paris; the Château de Versailles; the Cleveland Museum of Art; Hillwood House, Washington D.C.; The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York and the Thyssen-Bornemisza Collection.