A fine late 16th or 17th century European brass astrolabe possibly Flemish, unsigned, the two plates for latitudes 37o to 43o which covers the Iberian peninsular -- Dimensions: Mater, outer diameter 6.3in.(160mm); thickness of rim 0.2in.(5.4mm). Thickness of rete, c. 2mm; of plates 0.8-1.05mm

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A fine late 16th or 17th century European brass astrolabe possibly Flemish, unsigned, the two plates for latitudes 37o to 43o which covers the Iberian peninsular -- Dimensions: Mater, outer diameter 6.3in.(160mm); thickness of rim 0.2in.(5.4mm). Thickness of rete, c. 2mm; of plates 0.8-1.05mm

The Throne is small, with a folaite bracket to a simple attachment for the ring
The mater is constructed from a cast brass plate with a rim rivetted to it using nineteen brass rivets. The rim is divided with two scales, one 0-360o, the other of hours, 24 (twice XII) in 4-minute intervals. On the inside of the mater is engraved a Quadratum Nauticum of the Gemma Frisius type, along the left-hand border is marked: Latit Aust - Latit Boral, the bottom is marked: Long occident - Long orient, each quarter has a scale of degrees, 0-90o, in 2-degree intervals, radiating from the centre are lines representing the 32 wind directions or points of the compass, alternate lines being labelled with the name of a wind, such as Septentrio, Subsolanus, Notus and Zephyrus.
The back of the mater is engraved with a universal stereographic projection (SAPHEA) of the Gemma Frisius Type, with positions of 14 stars and one group of 7 stars marked by six pointed symbols, the names are engraved As engraved Popular name Eri ext [Eridani extrema] Acamar Ocul [Oculus Tauri] Aldebaran Or sin pes [Pes sinister Orionis] Rigel Hircus [Hircus Aurigae] Capella Or dex hum [Humerous dexter Orionis] Betelgeuse Canop [Canopus] Canopus Syrius Sirius Procy [Procyon] Procyon Cor[Cor Leonis] Regulus Vrsa [Ursae Mayoris - 7 stars marked] Dubhe and others Spica [Spica Verginis] Spica Arcturus Arcturus Lyra Vega Aquila Altair Pos fu aqu [Postrema aquae fusae] Formalhaut

Lot Essay

A careful examination of this astrolobe reveals some interesting insights on its construction, construction lines for drawing the azimuths can be seen on the lower part of each plate. The craftsman who cut the projection scratched the latitude for that projection, and instead of putting this number discretely on the edge, he has placed it boldly on the lower face. These scratched numbers are only partly obscured by the engraver of the letters who wrote Trop[sign of Cancer]over the scratch. On the instrument where letters and numbers are required, layoout lines, two in parallel, have been marked to guide the engraver. And in many places it is possible to see that the letters and numbers have been scratchad in the positions for the engraver to 'trace' over. It would seem that there was a craftsman to produce the mathematical lines, another, perhaps the master or supervisor, who scratched the guide lines and marked the positions of letters and numbers by scratching, and an engraver who cut as directed, mostly directly over the scratch marks. This does suggest making in batches with specialist craftsmen. Throughout, the zeros, 6, 9, and 8 are stamped with a circle; all the rest are engraved with a burin.
The rete resembles the style favoured by the Arsenius workshop of Louvain during the third quarter of the sixteenth century, a somewhat similar, small (diam7in.;178mm) astrolabe, with an Arsenius -inspired rete, is illustrated in A.J.Turner, The Time Museum. Vol 1Time Measuring Instruments. Part 1; Astrolabes, Astrolabe Related Instruments (Rockford Illinois, 1985)pp.140-145. This is dated 1573, and is signed by Adrien Descrolieres (fl.1571-1580), who seems to have been working in Antwerp, Mantua, Paris, and Venice. It was, sold by Christie's South Kensington, on 14 April 1988 lot 158. A larger (diam.10.7in;272mm) astrolabe, unsigned, of similar design, is attributed to Antwerp or Louvain, second half of the sixteenth Century, by the Museo d'Arti Applicate, Milan (see the catalogue Strumenti Scientifici-Orologi,Milan 1983, p.21,no.17 figs. 37-9)

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