Sold by Order of the Board of Trustee of the Art Institute of Chicago
Albert Bierstadt (1830-1902)

The Island

Details
Albert Bierstadt (1830-1902)
The Island
signed with initials conjoined 'A Bierstadt' lower right
oil on canvas
30 1/16 x 44in. (76.3 x 111.7cm.)
Provenance
John C. Robinson, Longmeadow, Massachusetts
Mrs. Douglas V. Wallace (née Mary Robinson), Longmeadow, Massachusetts, daughter of the above
Exhibited
Chicago, Illinois, The Art Institute of Chicago, The Hudson River School and Early American Landscape Tradition, February-March 1945, no. 12 (This exhibition also traveled to New York, Whitney Museum of American Art, April-May 1945) as Island in the Lake
Milwaukee, Wisconsin, Milwaukee Art Institute, Nineteenth Century American Masters, February-March 1948, no. 2, as Island in the Lake
Frankfurt, Germany, Städeliches Kunstinstitute, Hundert Jahre Amerikanishce Malerei, 1800-1900, March-May 1953, no. 5, as Gebirssee (This exhibition also traveled to Munich, Germany, Bayerische Staatsgemäldesammlungen, May-June 19; Hamburg, Germany, Kunsthalle, July-August 1953; Berlin, Germany, Charlottenburger Schloss, September-October 1953; Düsseldorf, Germany, Kunstsammlungen der Stadt, November-December 1953; Milan, Italy, Palazzetto Reale, February-March 1954, Mostra di Pittura Americana del XIX Secolo, no. 12, illus., as Isola nel Lago; New York, Whitney Museum of American Art, April-May 1954, American Painting in the Nineteenth Century, no. 16, as Island in the Lake)
Santa Barbara, California, Santa Barbara Museum of Art, Retrospective Exhibition of the Work of Albert Bierstadt, August-September 1964, no. 66, as Island in Princess Louisa Inlet, British Columbia
Springfield, Illinois, Illinois State Museum, March-April 1966, Nineteenth Century American Artists, no. 5, as Island in Princess Louisa Inlet, British Columbia, (This exhibition also traveled to Davenport, Iowa, Davenport Municipal Art Gallery, May-June 1966; Muscatine, Iowa, Laura Musser Art Gallery and Museum, July-October 1966; Peoria, Illinois, Lakeview Center for the Arts and Sciences, November 1966-January 1967)
Dallas, Texas, Dallas Museum of Fine Art, The Romantic Vision in America, October-November 1971, no. 50, illus., as Island in Princess Louisa Inlet
Chicago, Illinois, The Arts Club of Chicago, The American Landscape, November-December 1973, no. 13, illus., as Island in Princess Louisa Inlet, British Columbia

Lot Essay

Albert Bierstadt made several trips to the Pacific Northwest between 1860 and 1890. His work in this region of the United States is best remembered in the spectacular panoramas of Mount Hood that he painted in the 1860s. In the summer of 1889, Bierstadt was commissioned by the Canadian Pacific Railroad to paint the glorious mountain vistas along the railway line. After his cross-country trip, Bierstadt boarded the Ancon, a coastal steamer, from Victoria, Canada to Northern British Columbia and Southern Alaska. On August 30, the Ancon crashed into a reef on Revillagigedo Island in Loring Bay, Alaska. Bierstadt documented this accident in his Wreck of the "Ancon" in Loring Bay, Alaska of 1889 (Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, Massachusetts). In a letter to his wife, Bierstadt wrote: "...poor Ancon, it was a narrow escape. The steamer brought us back after 5 days living in Indian huts and salmon canneries. I was busy all the time and have 60 studies in color and two books full of drawings of Alaska." (N. Anderson and L. Ferber, Albert Bierstadt: Art & Enterprise, New York, 1990, p.263) It is from the these studies that Bierstadt is thought to have produced The Island.

The Island is a typical example of Bierstadt's dramatic celebration of an unspoiled wilderness. His mastery of light is evident in the composition in which a divine light descends through the clouds casting reflections on the still, clear body of water and the reverent Indians along its shore. This small group of Indians are the only suggestions to human life in the painting. They become dwarfed by the rock formation, majestic waterfall, and low lying clouds. The light, the stillness, and the warmth surrounding the majestic mountains project a spiritual silence. Bierstadt's earlier artistic training in Düsseldorf provided him with the necessary skill and technique, but the grandeur of the West provided him with the monumental vistas which would become his trademark.

A contemporary critic James Jackson Jarvis, praised Bierstadt's scientific expression of nature: "He seeks to depict the absolute qualities and forms of things. The botanist and geologist can find work in his rocks and vegetation. He seizes upon natural phenomena with naturalistic eyes. In the quality of American light, clear, transparent, and sharp in outlines, he is unsurpassed." (G. Hendricks, Albert Bierstadt: Painter of the American West, New York, 1974, p. 144) In The Island, the detail of the Indians, the rock formation, the island, the waterfall, and the powerful rays of light attest to the artist's communion with nature.

Bierstadt's synthesis of the broadly monumental and the finely detailed, of grand scale and the intimate moment and infinitely varying forms, places his work among the most successful expressions of the many paradoxes of nature. This expression, through Bierstadt's attention to detail and evocation of light, harmoniously brings together the spiritual and natural world.

The Island could possibly be Bierstadt's painting entitled Loring Bay, Alaska, which James D. Gill offered for sale in 1893 at an exhibition in his gallery in Springfield, Massachusetts. Gill had sold other paintings by Bierstadt, and The Island was in a collection in Springfield when it was acquired by The Art Institute of Chicago.