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JOLIOT, Frédéric (1900-1958) & Irène JOLIOT-CURIE (1897-1956). Collection of 28 offprints, mostly from J. physique et le radium and C. r. séances Acad. Sci., including 15 of the important papers leading up to their Nobel-Prize winning discovery of artificial radioactivity (1934). With Joliot and Joliot-Curie's signed presentation inscription to Mlle. Archinard in one offprint (see below). 8vo. Paris, 1929-50. Various sizes. All items in original wrappers (some browned and/or faded).
In 1931, Irène Joliot-Curie, daughter of Pierre and Marie Curie, and her husband Frédéric Joliot began four years of intensive collaborative research on radioactivity that culminated in their discovery of artificial radioactivity. In November 1935 the couple were awarded the Nobel Prize in chemistry for their synthesis of new radioactive elements; they are thus numbered among the small group of outstanding physicists (including Marie Curie) who have received Nobel awards in chemistry (see Weber, Pioneers of Science, p. 4).
Both Irène and Frédéric began their scientific careers at Marie Curie's Institut de Radium, Irène in 1918 and Frédéric in 1925. Prior to 1931, the Joliot-Curies did most of their work separately, Irène concentrating on alpha-ray fluctuations and on a series of studies on classical radioactivity (some performed in collaboration with her husband), and Frédéric focusing on the electrochemical properties of polonium. After receiving the Nobel Prize, their careers once again diverged. Irène continued at the Radium Institute, investigating the complex phenomena resulting from the bombardment of uranium with neutrons; her researches provided the foundation for Hahn and Strassmann's discovery of nuclear fission in 1939. Frédéric took a professorship at the Collège de France, where he conducted important research on nuclear reactions; after World War II, he was named the first High Commissioner of the French Atomic Energy Commission.
The present group of offprints includes fifteen of the papers published by one or both Joliot-Curies during their 1931-35 collaboration, as well as four issued before this period. These nineteen papers cover eight specialized categories of research: (1) electrochemistry of radioelements (no. 2); (2) electrical properties of metals in very thin sheets (no. 6); (3) the recoil rays emitted by radioactive atoms after ejecting alpha particles (no. 7); (4) radioactive properties of several isotopes (nos. 1 & 8); (5) the highly absorbable rays emitted by polonium, and preparation of strong sources of alpha rays from this radioactive element (nos. 3, 4, 5 & 9); (6) the highly penetrating radiation exhibited by certain light elements when bombarded with alpha rays (nos. 11, 12 & 13); (7) researches on the neutron (nos. 14, 15, 18 & 20); and (8) researches on the positron (nos. 16, 17 & 19). Categories (5) and (6) represent work of particular significance in the researches leading to the Joliot-Curie's discovery of artificial radioactivity; see the DSB for a detailed discussion. Categories (7) and (8) are also important: Chadwick's discovery of the neutron was due in part to the Joliot-Curie's work on Bothe-Becker radiation; and shortly after the discovery of the positron, the Joliot-Curies became the first to photograph the creation of a positive-negative electron pair.
Of the remaining two papers, no. 10 is the report of a conference on radium standards in which Irène participated; and no. 21, published in 1950, protests Frédéric's dismissal from his post at the French AEC-a move dictated by the French government's growing discomfort with Frédéric's liberal-socialist politics. Offprint no. 3 bears a signed presentation inscription from both Joliot-Curies to one Mlle. Archinard, whose name also appears on no. 5; we have not been able to identify her, although she was probably a student of the Joliot-Curies. Joliot-Curie, F. & I., Oeuvres complets (citing all but nos. 10 & 21). Twentieth Century Physics I, p. 121; II, 1222.
IJC. Sur la quantité de polonium accumulée dans anciennes ampoules de radon et sur la période du radium. Offprint from: Le Journal de Physique et Le Radium (hereafter JPR). S. VI, T. X. Paris, 1929. FIRST EDITION, offprint issue.
FJ. Sur les propriétés électrochimiques du polonium. Offprint from: Comptes rendues des séances de l'Académie des Sciences (hereafter CR). Paris, 2 December 1929. FIRST EDITION, offprint issue.
IJC and FJ. Sur la nature du rayonnement absorbable qui accompagne les rayons du polonium. Offprint from: CR. Paris, 30 December 1929. FIRST EDITION, offprint issue, PRESENTATION COPY, inscribed by IJC and FJ to Mlle. Archinard on p.1.
IJC and FJ. Rayonnements associés a l'émission des rayons du polonium. Offprint from: CR. Paris, 2 June 1930. FIRST EDITION, offprint issue.
IJC and FJ. Étude du rayonnement absorbable accompagnant les rayons du polonium. Offprint from: JPR, S. VII, T. II, No. 1. Paris, January 1931. FIRST EDITION, offprint issue. Signed by Mlle. Archinard in pencil on front wrapper; card with her notes laid-in.
FJ. Sur la projection cathodique des éléments et quelques applications. Offprint from: Annales de Physique, Xe S, T. XV. Paris, April 1931. FIRST EDITION, offprint issue.
FJ. Sur le phènoméne de recul et la conservation de la quantité de mouvement. Offprint from: CR. Paris, 4 May 1931. FIRST EDITION, offprint issue.
IJC. Sur la complexité du rayonnement alpha du radioactinium. Offprint from: CR. Paris, 4 May 1931. FIRST EDITION, offprint issue.
IJC and Marcel LECOIN. Sur un nouveau composé gazeux du polonium. Offprint from: CR. Paris, 8 June 1931. FIRST EDITION, offprint issue.
IJC. Constantes radioactives admises en 1930. Rapport de la commission internationale de l'étalon de radium. Offprint from: JPR, S. VII, T. II, No. 9. FIRST EDITION, offprint issue.
FJ. Sur l'excitation des rayons nucléares du bore par les particules... Énergie quantique du rayonnement... du polonium. Offprint from: CR. Paris, 28 December 1931. FIRST EDITION, offprint issue.
IJC. Sur le rayonnement "gamma" nucléaire excité dans le glucinium et dans le lithium par les rayons "alpha" du polonium. Offprint from: CR. Paris, 28 December 1931. FIRST EDITION, offprint issue.
IJC and FJ. Émission de protons de grande vitesse par les substances hydrogénées sous l'influence des rayons gamma trés pénétrants. Offprint from: CR. Paris, 18 January 1932. FIRST EDITION, offprint issue.
IJC and FJ. La projection de noyaux atomiques par un rayonnement très péénetrant l'existence du neutron. Offprint from: Actualités Scientifiques et Industrielles, XXXII. Paris, 1932. 8o. FIRST EDITION, offprint issue.
IJC and FJ. Émission de protons de grande vitesse par les substances hydrogénées sous l'influence des rayons gamma très pénétrants. Offprint from: Comptes rendus. Paris, 18 January 1932. FIRST EDITION, offprint issue.
IJC and FJ. Effet d'absorption de rayons gamma de très haute fréquence par projection de noyaux lèrs. Offprint from: Comptes rendus. Paris, 22 February 1932. FIRST EDITION, offprint issue.
IJC and FJ. Sur la nature du ratonnement pénétrant excité dans les noyaux légers par les particukes alpha. Offprint from: Comptes rendus. Paris, 11 April 1932. FIRST EDITION, offprint issue.
IJC, FJ and P. SAVEL. Quelques expériences sur les rayonnements excités par les rayons "alpha" dans les corps légers. Offprint from: Comptes rendus. Paris, 20 June 1932. FIRST EDITION, offprint issue.
IJC and FJ. Preuves expérimentales de l'existence du neutron. Offprint from: JPR, S. VII, T. IV, No. 1. Paris, January 1933. FIRST EDITION, offprint issue. Stamp of the Institut du Radium on front wrapper.
IJC and FJ. Sur les condotions d'émission des neutrons par action des particules "alpha" sur les éléments légers. Offprint from: CR. Paris, 6 February 1933. FIRST EDITION, offprint issue.
IJC and FJ. Contribution a l'étude des électrons positifs. Offprint from: CR. Paris, 10 April 1933. FIRST EDITION, offprint issue. Stamp of the Institut du Radium on front wrapper.
IJC and FJ. Sur l'origine des électrons positifs. Offprint from: CR. Paris, 22 May 1933. FIRST EDITION, offprint issue. Stamp of the Institut du Radium on front wrapper.
IJC and FJ. Nouvelles recherches sur l'émission des neutrons. Offprint from: JPR, S. VII, T. IV, No. 6. Paris, June 1933. FIRST EDITION, offprint issue.
IJC and FJ. Électrons positifs de transmutation. Offprint from: CR. Paris, 19 June 1933. FIRST EDITION, offprint issue. Stamp of the Institut du Radium on front wrapper.
Another copy.
IJC and FJ. La complexité du proton et la masse du neutron. Offprint from: CR. Paris, 17 July 1933. FIRST EDITION, offprint issue.
FJ and H. HALBAN, L. KOWARSKI and F. PERRIN. Mise en évidence d'une réaction nucléaire en chane au sien d'une masse uranifére. In: JPR, S. VII, T. X, No. 10. Paris, October 1939. FIRST EDITION, journal issue. Separate cloth folding case.
Porquoi F. Joliot-Curie a-t-il été révoqué?. Paris, 1950. FIRST EDITION. (28)
In 1931, Irène Joliot-Curie, daughter of Pierre and Marie Curie, and her husband Frédéric Joliot began four years of intensive collaborative research on radioactivity that culminated in their discovery of artificial radioactivity. In November 1935 the couple were awarded the Nobel Prize in chemistry for their synthesis of new radioactive elements; they are thus numbered among the small group of outstanding physicists (including Marie Curie) who have received Nobel awards in chemistry (see Weber, Pioneers of Science, p. 4).
Both Irène and Frédéric began their scientific careers at Marie Curie's Institut de Radium, Irène in 1918 and Frédéric in 1925. Prior to 1931, the Joliot-Curies did most of their work separately, Irène concentrating on alpha-ray fluctuations and on a series of studies on classical radioactivity (some performed in collaboration with her husband), and Frédéric focusing on the electrochemical properties of polonium. After receiving the Nobel Prize, their careers once again diverged. Irène continued at the Radium Institute, investigating the complex phenomena resulting from the bombardment of uranium with neutrons; her researches provided the foundation for Hahn and Strassmann's discovery of nuclear fission in 1939. Frédéric took a professorship at the Collège de France, where he conducted important research on nuclear reactions; after World War II, he was named the first High Commissioner of the French Atomic Energy Commission.
The present group of offprints includes fifteen of the papers published by one or both Joliot-Curies during their 1931-35 collaboration, as well as four issued before this period. These nineteen papers cover eight specialized categories of research: (1) electrochemistry of radioelements (no. 2); (2) electrical properties of metals in very thin sheets (no. 6); (3) the recoil rays emitted by radioactive atoms after ejecting alpha particles (no. 7); (4) radioactive properties of several isotopes (nos. 1 & 8); (5) the highly absorbable rays emitted by polonium, and preparation of strong sources of alpha rays from this radioactive element (nos. 3, 4, 5 & 9); (6) the highly penetrating radiation exhibited by certain light elements when bombarded with alpha rays (nos. 11, 12 & 13); (7) researches on the neutron (nos. 14, 15, 18 & 20); and (8) researches on the positron (nos. 16, 17 & 19). Categories (5) and (6) represent work of particular significance in the researches leading to the Joliot-Curie's discovery of artificial radioactivity; see the DSB for a detailed discussion. Categories (7) and (8) are also important: Chadwick's discovery of the neutron was due in part to the Joliot-Curie's work on Bothe-Becker radiation; and shortly after the discovery of the positron, the Joliot-Curies became the first to photograph the creation of a positive-negative electron pair.
Of the remaining two papers, no. 10 is the report of a conference on radium standards in which Irène participated; and no. 21, published in 1950, protests Frédéric's dismissal from his post at the French AEC-a move dictated by the French government's growing discomfort with Frédéric's liberal-socialist politics. Offprint no. 3 bears a signed presentation inscription from both Joliot-Curies to one Mlle. Archinard, whose name also appears on no. 5; we have not been able to identify her, although she was probably a student of the Joliot-Curies. Joliot-Curie, F. & I., Oeuvres complets (citing all but nos. 10 & 21). Twentieth Century Physics I, p. 121; II, 1222.
IJC. Sur la quantité de polonium accumulée dans anciennes ampoules de radon et sur la période du radium. Offprint from: Le Journal de Physique et Le Radium (hereafter JPR). S. VI, T. X. Paris, 1929. FIRST EDITION, offprint issue.
FJ. Sur les propriétés électrochimiques du polonium. Offprint from: Comptes rendues des séances de l'Académie des Sciences (hereafter CR). Paris, 2 December 1929. FIRST EDITION, offprint issue.
IJC and FJ. Sur la nature du rayonnement absorbable qui accompagne les rayons du polonium. Offprint from: CR. Paris, 30 December 1929. FIRST EDITION, offprint issue, PRESENTATION COPY, inscribed by IJC and FJ to Mlle. Archinard on p.1.
IJC and FJ. Rayonnements associés a l'émission des rayons du polonium. Offprint from: CR. Paris, 2 June 1930. FIRST EDITION, offprint issue.
IJC and FJ. Étude du rayonnement absorbable accompagnant les rayons du polonium. Offprint from: JPR, S. VII, T. II, No. 1. Paris, January 1931. FIRST EDITION, offprint issue. Signed by Mlle. Archinard in pencil on front wrapper; card with her notes laid-in.
FJ. Sur la projection cathodique des éléments et quelques applications. Offprint from: Annales de Physique, X
FJ. Sur le phènoméne de recul et la conservation de la quantité de mouvement. Offprint from: CR. Paris, 4 May 1931. FIRST EDITION, offprint issue.
IJC. Sur la complexité du rayonnement alpha du radioactinium. Offprint from: CR. Paris, 4 May 1931. FIRST EDITION, offprint issue.
IJC and Marcel LECOIN. Sur un nouveau composé gazeux du polonium. Offprint from: CR. Paris, 8 June 1931. FIRST EDITION, offprint issue.
IJC. Constantes radioactives admises en 1930. Rapport de la commission internationale de l'étalon de radium. Offprint from: JPR, S. VII, T. II, No. 9. FIRST EDITION, offprint issue.
FJ. Sur l'excitation des rayons nucléares du bore par les particules... Énergie quantique du rayonnement... du polonium. Offprint from: CR. Paris, 28 December 1931. FIRST EDITION, offprint issue.
IJC. Sur le rayonnement "gamma" nucléaire excité dans le glucinium et dans le lithium par les rayons "alpha" du polonium. Offprint from: CR. Paris, 28 December 1931. FIRST EDITION, offprint issue.
IJC and FJ. Émission de protons de grande vitesse par les substances hydrogénées sous l'influence des rayons gamma trés pénétrants. Offprint from: CR. Paris, 18 January 1932. FIRST EDITION, offprint issue.
IJC and FJ. La projection de noyaux atomiques par un rayonnement très péénetrant l'existence du neutron. Offprint from: Actualités Scientifiques et Industrielles, XXXII. Paris, 1932. 8
IJC and FJ. Émission de protons de grande vitesse par les substances hydrogénées sous l'influence des rayons gamma très pénétrants. Offprint from: Comptes rendus. Paris, 18 January 1932. FIRST EDITION, offprint issue.
IJC and FJ. Effet d'absorption de rayons gamma de très haute fréquence par projection de noyaux lèrs. Offprint from: Comptes rendus. Paris, 22 February 1932. FIRST EDITION, offprint issue.
IJC and FJ. Sur la nature du ratonnement pénétrant excité dans les noyaux légers par les particukes alpha. Offprint from: Comptes rendus. Paris, 11 April 1932. FIRST EDITION, offprint issue.
IJC, FJ and P. SAVEL. Quelques expériences sur les rayonnements excités par les rayons "alpha" dans les corps légers. Offprint from: Comptes rendus. Paris, 20 June 1932. FIRST EDITION, offprint issue.
IJC and FJ. Preuves expérimentales de l'existence du neutron. Offprint from: JPR, S. VII, T. IV, No. 1. Paris, January 1933. FIRST EDITION, offprint issue. Stamp of the Institut du Radium on front wrapper.
IJC and FJ. Sur les condotions d'émission des neutrons par action des particules "alpha" sur les éléments légers. Offprint from: CR. Paris, 6 February 1933. FIRST EDITION, offprint issue.
IJC and FJ. Contribution a l'étude des électrons positifs. Offprint from: CR. Paris, 10 April 1933. FIRST EDITION, offprint issue. Stamp of the Institut du Radium on front wrapper.
IJC and FJ. Sur l'origine des électrons positifs. Offprint from: CR. Paris, 22 May 1933. FIRST EDITION, offprint issue. Stamp of the Institut du Radium on front wrapper.
IJC and FJ. Nouvelles recherches sur l'émission des neutrons. Offprint from: JPR, S. VII, T. IV, No. 6. Paris, June 1933. FIRST EDITION, offprint issue.
IJC and FJ. Électrons positifs de transmutation. Offprint from: CR. Paris, 19 June 1933. FIRST EDITION, offprint issue. Stamp of the Institut du Radium on front wrapper.
Another copy.
IJC and FJ. La complexité du proton et la masse du neutron. Offprint from: CR. Paris, 17 July 1933. FIRST EDITION, offprint issue.
FJ and H. HALBAN, L. KOWARSKI and F. PERRIN. Mise en évidence d'une réaction nucléaire en chane au sien d'une masse uranifére. In: JPR, S. VII, T. X, No. 10. Paris, October 1939. FIRST EDITION, journal issue. Separate cloth folding case.
Porquoi F. Joliot-Curie a-t-il été révoqué?. Paris, 1950. FIRST EDITION. (28)