DOPPELMAYR, JOHANN GABRIEL, NUREMBURG, 1728
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DOPPELMAYR, JOHANN GABRIEL, NUREMBURG, 1728

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DOPPELMAYR, JOHANN GABRIEL, NUREMBURG, 1728
GLOBUS TERRESTRIS in quo locorum insigniorum situs terraeque facies, secundum praecipuas celeberrimorum nostri ævi Astronomorum et Geographorum observationes opera IOH. GABR. DOPPELMAIERI Mathem. Prof. Publ. Norib. exhibentur, concinnatus á Ioh. Georg. Puschnero Chalcographo Norib. A.C. 1728
An extremely fine and rare 12½-inch (31.7cm.) diameter terrestrial table globe made up of twelve finely hand-coloured and engraved gores laid onto a hollow papier-mâché and plaster sphere, the equatorial and meridian of Ferro graduated in individual degrees and labelled every 5°, the Polar and Tropic circles graduated in degrees and named but unlabelled, the ecliptic graduated in individual days of the houses of the Zodiac with names and sigils and labelled every ten days, the oceans with a second cartouche in the southern Pacific surrounded by portraits of various explorers, and beginning with Mart: Bohemus Norib. Eques (pasted on), and then Americus Vesputi, Franc. Draco, v Schouten, Georg Spilbergius, R.P. Tachard S. Ies., Wilh. Dampier (pasted on, lower half missing), Mon: de la Salle, Tomas Candisch, Olivirius a Nord, Ferdin. Magellanicus and Christ. Columbus, the text in the centre on an applied oval of coloured paper Exprimit Globus hic noster quicquid Geographia recens ex Observationibus fide dignis suppedicat, tam in situ locorum plurium, quam in terrarum, novarum etiam, mariumque ambitu. Meridianus primus per Insulam Fer inter Canarias (quæ olim Fortunatae dicebantur) occidentalissimam ductus, á quo Parisensis Meridianus probatissimarum Observationum testimonio, 20 Gradibus, Noribergensis vero 28 Gr: 40 Min: distat, also showing the tracks of numerous explorers including those of Loys (1708) partially coloured in orange, Dampier (1688 & 1700), Tasman (1624), Olivieri de Noord (1600), Magellan (1599), Roggeveen and Behrens (1722) and Le Maire also partially coloured in orange, a small stretch of coastline south-east of Tierra del Fuego labelled Port detecta per Fr. Drack, two other small stretches of coastline to the east labelled Terra Incognita and Fretum la Roche, another strecth in the southern Atlantic labelled Caput Terræ Australis and Terra Vitæ, a stretch in the northern Atlantic labelled I. Friesland, a stretch of coastline in the south-eastern Pacific labelled Terra detecta pa David Anglum. 1680, another in the mid-Pacific labelled Terra visa per Mendanum, another stretch unlabelled in the north-western Pacific and one labelled Terra Borealis incognita det[..]a Dom: Ioh: de Gama, a small spiral in the mid-Atlantic labelled Maelstrom, other points in the northern Atlantic marked with a symbol and labelled Klippe, also with the de Croote banck off Newfoundland, Antarctica with no land shown but a note on the Antarctic Circle at 55°W I. diton detecta per F. Drack, the continents with nation states finely shaded and hand-coloured in outline in orange and green or left uncoloured, and showing a wealth of detail including mountains and forests in pictorial relief, rivers, towns and cities, some depicted by small pictograms, China showing Great Wall, Australia labelled TERRA VITÆ, TERRA AUSTRALIS and NOVA HOLLANDIA, also showing some place names such as terra Concordiæ detecta 1616, with a small stretch of western coastline missing and no southern or eastern coastline, the northern coastline misshapen and stretching too far to the east and labelled TERRA del QuiR, Papua New Guinea shown as an island, Tasmania shown as a strecth of southern coastline and labelled DIEMENS LAND, New Zealand shown as a stretch of western coastline and labelled NOVA ZEELANDIA, North America showing California as a penisnula and the Fretum Aninan, with no detail or coastline to the north, eastern Canada well-detailed with Labrador showing Eskimaux, with a stamped brass hour dial and pointer, the engraved brass meridian circle graduated in four quadrants, on a mahogany Dutch-style stand, the octagonal horizon with beautifully hand-coloured engraved paper showing degrees of amplitude and azimuth in four quadrants, days of the month with Saint's Days and days of the houses of the Zodiac and wind directions, the corners with attractive and colourful foliate decoration, raised on four turned and tapering legs with bun feet united by cross stretchers to the circular base with meridian support with roller -- 18¼in. (46.3cm.) high; a circular recess in the base housing a fine octagonal gilt and silver horizontal astronomical compass sundial, the gilt horizontal plate with foliate decoration at the corners and a folding string gnomon support with five string holes marked for 46-50°, the circular silver hour dial engraved Horizontale Sol & Lunare, the outer hour dial graduated III-XII, I-VIII, the next dial in engraved ÆT Lunar and numbered 1-28, the next dial in rotating with two small brass knobs and a small brass index to read off the lunar scale and graduated in hours 1-12 (x2), the glazed compass box at the centre with blued-steel needle and an iron cross bar above the glass to hold one end of the string gnomon, the underside of the compass box engraved with the latitudes of twelve continental cities and towns, ending with Johan Martin in Augspurg 48 -- 2 5/8in. (6.7cm.) wide
Special notice
No VAT will be charged on the hammer price, but VAT at 17.5% will be added to the buyer's premium which is invoiced on a VAT inclusive basis

Lot Essay

Johann Gabriel Doppelmayr (1671-1750) was one of the most prolific of the globe-makers of early eighteenth century Nuremburg, as well as being a distinguished mathematician, translator, writer, editor and teacher. He studied in Altdorf and Halle, and travelled for some time in Germany, England and the Netherlands. Professor of Mathematics at the Aegidien Gymnasium in Nuremberg from 1704, globe-making was only a small part of his general efforts to encourage interest in science, in particular the progressive work of the likes of Newton, Huygens and Descartes, and transmission of this knowledge throughout Europe. He translated several works on astronomy and cartography from French and German, such as Nicolas Bion's L'usage des globes célestes et terrestres, et des sphères and Astronomy by Thomas Street, as well as producing works of his own, including the Atlas novus coelestia of 1742. In addition, his work involved carrying out various astronomical and meteorological observations, and experiments with electrical phenomena. Indeed, it seems likely that his death in 1750 was was the result of an electric shock received whilst investigating the then newly-invented electrical condensors.
It may have been an association with Johann Baptist Homann (1664-1724) which awakened in Doppelmayr an interest in globes, originating with his contribution of an article entitled Einleitung zur Geographie for the latter's atlas of 1714. The terrestrial here offered is an example from Doppelmayr's first pair of globes, of 1728; as a first attempt they are extremely - albeit unsurprisingly - impressive, both in design and in execution. Stevenson records that there "are scarcely any map records of the period more interesting than those to be found on this globe of Doppelmayr's". There had already been several attempts to provide for the demand for globes in Germany following the decline of the Dutch globe-making industry, but Doppelmayr was the first to achieve real success and he soon dominated the German market for cheap but finely drawn and constructed globes.
Doppelmayr worked with the engraver Johann Georg Puschner I (1680-1749), who may well have been the maker of the spheres, mountings and stands as well. Johann Georg Puschner II continued to publish the globes after 1749 and when the copper plates came into the hands of Nuremburg publisher and pencil-maker Wolfgang Paul Jenig (d.1805), he reissued and updated Doppelmayr's globes with considerable commercial success, simply signing his name on the back of the meridian circle at the North Pole. The final reissue was published by Johann Bernard Bauer (1752-1839) in 1808 alongside his own output; their general commercial availability for such a long period of time is a testament to how prized they were.
Although Johann Martin (1646-1720) was a near contemporary of Doppelmayr, and lived and worked in Augsburg, the sundial in the base of this globe was not designed to go there - it is not possible to use a sundial when it is shaded from the sun by a globe. That said, it is not at all possible to determine when the globe and sundial were first married together, and it could have been quite natural for the first owner of this globe to have either removed the existing compass, or had a recess made, to house his rather handsome Martin instrument, as of course the compass part of the dial is still of use.

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