Paul Cézanne (1839-1906)
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Paul Cézanne (1839-1906)

Autoportrait (recto); Trois études: Tête de Paul Cézanne fils, Rencontre d'une femme et d'un homme et Trois baigneuses (verso)

Details
Paul Cézanne (1839-1906)
Autoportrait (recto); Trois études: Tête de Paul Cézanne fils, Rencontre d'une femme et d'un homme et Trois baigneuses (verso)
pencil on paper (recto and verso)
8 5/8 x 5in. (22 x 12.5cm.)
Drawn circa 1882-1883 (recto); drawn circa 1877-1878 (Paul Cézanne fils, verso); drawn circa 1871-1874 (Rencontre and Trois baigneuses, verso)
Provenance
Paul Cézanne fils, Paris.
Acquired from the above by Paul Guillaume, Paris.
Acquired from the estate of the above by Adrien Chappuis, Tresserve, in 1934.
By descent from the above to the present owner.
Literature
A. Vollard, Paul Cézanne, Paris, 1914, p. 54 (recto); p. 118 (verso illustrated).
L. Venturi, Cézanne, son art-son oeuvre, Paris, 1936, no. 1287, p. 307 (recto); no. 1288 (verso) (recto illustrated vol. II, pl. 350).
A. Chappuis, Dessins de Paul Cézanne, Paris, 1938, no. 2 (verso illustrated).
T. Reff, Studies in Cézanne's Drawings, Ph.D. thesis, Harvard University, 1956 (dated 1880-1881).
W. Anderson, Cézanne's Portrait Drawings, Cambridge and London, 1970, no. 20, pp. 25, 34, 39 (recto); no. 156, pp. 28, 32 (verso) (recto illustrated p. 66, dated 1833-1884; verso illustrated p. 155, dated circa 1883).
A. Chappuis, The Drawings of Paul Cézanne, A Catalogue Raisonné, London, 1973, vol. I, no. 616, p. 173 (recto); no. 364, p. 125 (verso) (illustrated vol. II, nos. 616 and 364).
S. Platzman, Cézanne, the Self-Portraits, London, 2001, no. 18, p. 204 (illustrated).
Exhibited
Vienna, Albertina, Meisterwerke aus Frankreichs Museen, 1950, no. 251 (illustrated). This exhibition later travelled to Prague, Francouzské Umení, no. 64.
Aix-en-Provence, Pavillon de Vendôme, Cézanne, tableaux, aquarelles, dessins, July-August 1961, no. 52.
Washington, D.C., Phillips Collection, Cézanne: An Exhibition in Honor of the Fiftieth Anniversary of the Phillips Collection, Feb.-March 1971, no. 71 (illustrated). This exhibition later travelled to Chicago, The Art Institute of Chicago, April-July 1971 and Boston, Museum of Fine Arts, Sept.-Dec. 1971.
Tokyo, National Museum of Western Art, Cézanne, March-May 1974, no. 105. This exhibition later travelled to Kyoto, Municipal Museum and Fukuoka, Cultural Center, June-Aug. 1974.
Tübingen, Kunsthalle, Paul Cézanne. Das zeichnerische Werk, Oct.-Dec. 1978, no. 50 (illustrated p. 150).
Special notice
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Lot Essay

The recto of this sheet was page XVII from the sketchbook CP II.

Of the twenty-four self-portraits Cézanne executed on paper, only sixteen of those were completed as independent, stand-alone portraits; the others are found integrated among sketches of family members, still lifes and bathers such as those found in the carnets (see lots 330-332). Originally page XVII from the sketchbook CP II, the present work was drawn circa 1882-1883 - a time of enormous introspection for the artist.

The Romantic movement in the early 19th century left as part of its powerful, lingering influence a strong interest in exploring the self. As the concept of the avant-garde began to emerge at mid-century, progressive artists began to understand the creative personality as a subjective force whose motivation and impact were increasingly determined by the degree to which it acted in contention with the tastes and mores of society at large.

As literary circles turned inward toward Symbolist rhetoric, so too did artistic ones, and both groups may be seen to have adopted many of their leading principles, including the cultivation of the unconscious and conscious self. Self-portraiture, hitherto only an occasional genre, thus acquired greater significance within avant-garde circles as a private statement of this pioneering act of self-definition.

While the commonly held view of Cézanne's character is one of difficulty - a man living in obscurity, avoiding contact with the world, and subject to erratic mood swings - in the present work there is a vulnerability present. Taking a hardly-perceptable three-quarter turn with his chin poised at a slight downturn, Cézanne's gaze toward us is of a gentle nature, if somewhat questioning. In place of a cocked right brow - so common in his painted and drawn self-portraits - here it is softened to a rounded arch with a glint of mischief still remaining. The dishevelled collar tells us we are privy to a view of a fleeting moment, perhaps at the end of a long day - a spontaneous portrait of an unguarded view.

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