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拍品專文
Although these two figures are generally considered to be companions, the pedestals of the figures frequently do not match in decoration. In this case they do match, confirming them as a pair. The last pair of figures with matching decoration on their plinths to appear in these Rooms were sold on 28th March 1977, lots 136 and 137 (with vignettes on the pedestals), and before that another pair of figures (with marbled panels on the pedestals) from the Collection of the late the Hon. Mrs. Nellie Ionides on 7th July 1964, lots 123 and 124.
The mason was first modelled in 1743, and Kändler's Taxa records: 1. Frey Maurer mit Schurzfell und anderer Zubehör auf einem postament wohl angekleidet stehend, in der einen Hand einem Grund Riss habend, neben welchen ein postament, darauff Winckel-Haacken, Transporteur Circul, Bley Waage und dergl. liegen. ...6 Thlr.-. Although traditionally known as Countess Kösel, the female figure was first modelled in late 1744, and Kändler's Taxa records: 1. Dame von Mopß Orden, auf einem Postament stehend in der lincken Hand einen Mopß Hund haltend, auch einen zum Füßen liegend, vor die Prinzessin von Herfordt 1...10 Thlr.-
After Freemasonry was suppressed by the Pope in 1738, the Archbishop Elector of Cologne, Clemens August of Bavaria (1700-1761), founded the Mopsorden, an alternative pseudo-masonic order in Germany and Sweden to provide members with a legitimate substitute for masonic social rites.2 Augustus III, King of Poland and Elector of Saxony was the grand-master of the Order in Saxony. The Order was active between 1740 and 1782, admitted women, and was principally composed of Roman Catholics. The pug-dog, symbolising the attributes of devotion and fidelity, was used as its emblem (pugs were also the favourite dogs of Count Brühl, the Director of Meissen and King Augustus's Prime Minister).
A single figure (of the mason with vignettes on the plinth) was sold in these Rooms on 2nd October 1979, lot 171, and another on 24th February 2003, lot 104. An example of the female figure from the collection of H.R.H. The Duchess of Kent was sold in these Rooms on 12th March 1947, lot 143 and again on 29th April 1954, lot 34. Another was sold on 11th October 1976, lot 144, and another was sold by Sotheby's on 30th March 1971, lot 264. Two figures of the mason and his companion (with slightly different marbled pedestals) were sold in these Rooms on 13th December 2001, lots 644 and 645.
See Dr. Erika Pauls-Eisenbeiss, German Porcelain of the 18th Century (London, 1972), Vol. I, pp. 204-207 for the freemason (formerly in the Emma Budge Collection) and lady of the Mopsorden now in the Pauls-Eisenbeiss Collection, Basel. Also see the example in the Victoria and Albert Museum, no. C.796-1936, and the Untermyer Collection examples (also with different pedestals) illustrated by Yvonne Hackenbroch, Meissen and other Continental Porcelain, Faience and Enamel in the Irwin Untermyer Collection (London, 1956), pls. 22 and 23.
1. From October 1729 to March 1750 the Prince-Bishopric of Herford was ruled by the Princess of Anhalt-Dessau (Johanne Charlotte, widow of Philipp, Margrave of Brandenburg-Schwedt).
2. For a discussion of the Mopsorden, see Erich Köllmann, 'Der Mopsorden' Keramos, no. 50, October 1970, pp. 71-82.
The mason was first modelled in 1743, and Kändler's Taxa records: 1. Frey Maurer mit Schurzfell und anderer Zubehör auf einem postament wohl angekleidet stehend, in der einen Hand einem Grund Riss habend, neben welchen ein postament, darauff Winckel-Haacken, Transporteur Circul, Bley Waage und dergl. liegen. ...6 Thlr.-. Although traditionally known as Countess Kösel, the female figure was first modelled in late 1744, and Kändler's Taxa records: 1. Dame von Mopß Orden, auf einem Postament stehend in der lincken Hand einen Mopß Hund haltend, auch einen zum Füßen liegend, vor die Prinzessin von Herfordt 1...10 Thlr.-
After Freemasonry was suppressed by the Pope in 1738, the Archbishop Elector of Cologne, Clemens August of Bavaria (1700-1761), founded the Mopsorden, an alternative pseudo-masonic order in Germany and Sweden to provide members with a legitimate substitute for masonic social rites.2 Augustus III, King of Poland and Elector of Saxony was the grand-master of the Order in Saxony. The Order was active between 1740 and 1782, admitted women, and was principally composed of Roman Catholics. The pug-dog, symbolising the attributes of devotion and fidelity, was used as its emblem (pugs were also the favourite dogs of Count Brühl, the Director of Meissen and King Augustus's Prime Minister).
A single figure (of the mason with vignettes on the plinth) was sold in these Rooms on 2nd October 1979, lot 171, and another on 24th February 2003, lot 104. An example of the female figure from the collection of H.R.H. The Duchess of Kent was sold in these Rooms on 12th March 1947, lot 143 and again on 29th April 1954, lot 34. Another was sold on 11th October 1976, lot 144, and another was sold by Sotheby's on 30th March 1971, lot 264. Two figures of the mason and his companion (with slightly different marbled pedestals) were sold in these Rooms on 13th December 2001, lots 644 and 645.
See Dr. Erika Pauls-Eisenbeiss, German Porcelain of the 18th Century (London, 1972), Vol. I, pp. 204-207 for the freemason (formerly in the Emma Budge Collection) and lady of the Mopsorden now in the Pauls-Eisenbeiss Collection, Basel. Also see the example in the Victoria and Albert Museum, no. C.796-1936, and the Untermyer Collection examples (also with different pedestals) illustrated by Yvonne Hackenbroch, Meissen and other Continental Porcelain, Faience and Enamel in the Irwin Untermyer Collection (London, 1956), pls. 22 and 23.
1. From October 1729 to March 1750 the Prince-Bishopric of Herford was ruled by the Princess of Anhalt-Dessau (Johanne Charlotte, widow of Philipp, Margrave of Brandenburg-Schwedt).
2. For a discussion of the Mopsorden, see Erich Köllmann, 'Der Mopsorden' Keramos, no. 50, October 1970, pp. 71-82.