THE PROPERTY OF A FRENCH LADY
a tibetan thangka depicting the akshobhya mandala

MID-15TH CENTURY

细节
a tibetan thangka depicting the akshobhya mandala
mid-15th century
Akshobhya seated in the centre surrounded by the thirty-five Buddhas of Confession, the corners with a mandala, each centre with a female goddess, all seated on a lotus, the hands holding various attributes, wearing dhoti, many body ornaments, the faces with serene expression, each surrounded by many deities, all within a square palace with to four sides a porch, each flanked by a pair of makaras, within a lotus and a flaming band, the upper border depicting fifteen tathagatas flanked by a monk, the lower border with probably the ten dikpalas, each seated on an animal, bird or human being, the lower left corner with a lama making offerings, the painting within a red painted border containing inscriptions in the dBu.med script, the reverse with lengthy inscription in the dBu.can script and with mantras
76 x 69 cm
出版
Brunel, F., Splendeur et magie de la peinture sacree Tibetaine, Connaissance du Monde, Paris, January 1964, pp. 30-31
Author unknown, Les couleurs de l'Himalaya, Mandala, Art sans Frontiers et les Arts au Chateau d'O, Montpellier, 1993/1994, p. 19

拍品专文

The inscription near the upper border can be translated as follow:
Perseverance, ascese, endurance salutations are the best in order to reach nirvana, said the Buddha. No monk should do harm to others as these are no acts of vertu. Don't accumulate bad thoughts, but accumulate the fruits of vertu. Discipline your own thoughts, that's the teaching of the Buddha. If the wishes of the body are right (observed), the wishes of the word as well, then are the wishes of the mind similar. Then all wishes are right (observed).

The inscription near the lower border can be translated as follow:
Namo gurabe. Coming from the Treasures of the Waters, perfectly accomplished the four Tantras, the jewels which produces as much as possible, everything which one desires. To satisfy the hopes of the people to be converted in the (present) Bhadrakalpa, the chief of the sages of India, Abhaya(karagupta), and the pandit from Nepal Dar.ban acarya, have them well received, and through the force of their prayers and their pure thoughts, they have realised pure works, which leads to Salvation. Much later, in the land of snow, many masters have translated and annotated the Kriyasamutta, Triple Rosary. Next, through the right way, which leads to salvation, they have led on the road to happiness, many beings to be converted.
In particular the great vajradhara Kun.dga'.bzang.po, mKhyen.rab.dbang.phyug, Shes.rab.bzang of Gung.ru, and the panchen of Na.ris, Chul.khrems.'od.zer have realised through meditation and have by this method developed the Doctrine. Next the best of the Lion Men, passed it on to the lineage of the lamas and to facilitate the life of the lamas, have realised the complete serie of the forty-five mandalas. From this fact, many vertues, like heaven once resembled without exception in his mind, thanks to the benediction of the lama, who will penetrate his heart, all beings, to start with his parents, will acquire the great vajradhara. Which, in whatever circumstances, we all, master and disciple, lama and donators, and our surroundings, have to be able to realise without obstacles the Holy Religion! Whatever is necessary from our affaires conform the Religion will be realised according to our wishes! mangalam bhavantu. shubha.

The text revers to Kun.dga'.bzang.po, who founded the Ngor monastery in A.D. 1429. This monastery was once one of the jewels of the Sa.skya.pa sect. The mandala thang.kas which have been attributed to this monastery, all display similar features, like scrolling backgrounds. Especially the earlier paintings, like the one under review and the one offered as the next lot, are extremely fine executed. From the inscription we may conclude that the painting has been created slightly after the foundation of the Ngor monastery, or towards the mid of the fifteenth century. Another example of this serie can be found in G. Tucci's famous Tibetan Painted Scrolls, Rome 1949, no. 179, p. 599.