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Details
BOOK OF HOURS, use of Rome, in Latin and French, ILLUMINATED MANUSCRIPT ON VELLUM
[Bruges c.1460]175 x 120mm. ii paper + 313 + ii paper leaves, last 9 16th-century additions, first and last former pastedowns, apparently mostly gatherings of 8, lacking at least seven leaves with text and probably inserted single leaves with miniatures, 18 lines written in black ink in a bâtarde hand between two verticals and nineteen horizontals ruled in red, justification: 87 x 55mm, rubrics in red, one-line initials and line-endings in burnished gold on grounds of pink and blue patterned with white, two-line initials with staves of pink or blue on burnished gold grounds leading to borders in side margins of burnished gold leaves and disks with coloured leaves, flowers and fruit on hairline tendrils, similar four-line initials leading to borders to three sides with similar motifs around acanthus leaves and sprays of flowers and fruit, THIRTEEN LARGE INITIALS WITH FULL-PAGE BORDERS predominantly of acanthus, fruit and flower sprays, some with drolleries, animals or birds, THIRTY-EIGHT HISTORIATED INITIALS WITH BORDERS to three sides (lacking leaves as above, offsetting and wear to margins, some borders rubbed and gold worn, border excised top f.122, side margin excised f.305, initial smudged f.47v). 17th-century French mottled calf, spine in six compartments gilt (rebacked with original spine laid down). Brown morocco box by the Lakeside Press, Chicago.
PROVENANCE:
1. Both content and decoration show that the manuscript was made in Bruges. The calendar includes St Basil in gold (3 April); the litany invokes Omer, Bertin and Bavo, saints revered in the west of the southern Netherlands, as is Iodocus or Josse, who appears in the suffrages with St Bernadino, canonised in 1450. The Duke of Burgundy, Philip the Good, called his second son Josse and the inclusion of St Louis, patron of the royal house of France and so of the dukes of Burgundy, and St Denis, together with the prayers in French, suggest that the patron of this exceptionally full and lavishly decorated book was a member of the Francophone Burgundian court. Some prayers are in the masculine but more in the feminine, while one invokes protection for famulos tuos N and servos tuos N, ff.254-255v, perhaps a married couple; the suffrages feature several warrior saints shown as knights. The patron was someone of significant status, perhaps from the house of Luxembourg noted for its love of fine manuscripts, if it was for him that a gathering perhaps with an originally blank outer bifolium was added soon afterwards, ff.305-312. Written in a similar script, it includes a suffrage to St Peter of Luxembourg, f.306, and a prayer in French for one to whom God has entrusted people to govern and who has children, f.308; most unusually, there is a memorial to St Eugenia, with two prayers, f.307v. A little later, a Latin prayer, in the feminine, was written on the pages left blank at the end of the original volume, ff.302v-304v, and continued onto what was perhaps the opening blank of the added gathering, f.305; the final blank was apparently cancelled. A prayer to St Edmund was added in a 15th-century cursive hand to the blanks preceding the calendar, ff.1v-2, indicating some connection with England; in 1464 Edward IV married Elizabeth Woodville, daughter from the second marriage of Jacquetta of Luxembourg, widow of Henry V's brother, the Duke of Bedford, and contacts between the Burgundian and English courts intensified with the marriage of Charles the Bold and Margaret of York in 1468.
2. The book was in France when bound; an 18th-century hand has written Casse II on f.1.
3. H.R.H. Frederick Augustus, Duke of Sussex (1773-1843), son of George III: his engraved bookplate inside upper cover; T.J. Pettigrew, Bibliotheca Sussexiana, a Descriptive Catalogue.. of the Manuscripts and Printed Books in the Library of H.R.H. the Duke of Sussex in Kensington Palace, I, pt 1, 1827, no. 136, p.191, as pencilled on bookplate.
4. Edward Hailstone (1818-1890), Yorkshire antiquarian and book collector: his armorial gilt leather bookplate inside lower cover. An entire floor of his home at Walton Hall, near Wakefield, was devoted to his library; his Yorkshire collections were bequeathed to York Minster, where a part of the library is named after him. His sale, Sotheby's, 23 April 1891, lot 1394.
5. Alfred Higgins F.S.A. (d.1902), antiquarian and collector: his sale, Sotheby's, 2 May 1904, lot 91; sculptures from his collections, mostly sold at Christie's, 29 January 1904, are now in the British Museum and Victoria and Albert Museum.
Quaritch, Catalogue 237, 1905, no 337; Hiersemann, Catalogue 330, 1906, no 31.
6. Isabelle Corwith Cramer (1861-1954): bookplate inside upper cover. Isabelle Corwith was the second wife of Ambrose Cramer of Chicago, who made a fortune from mining supplies; her stepson was the architect Ambrose Cramer Jr. Mrs Cramer gave the book to Isabelle Corwith Ryerson (1888-1976), her daughter from her first marriage to Charles McGennis: name on label on book box, with 'gift from Rome 1924'; on loose paper headed From the desk of Mrs. Ambrose Cramer 'Isabelle Ryerson, Her property, Given on my return from Italy 1920? Here for safe keeping'. The younger Isabelle was married to Donald Ryerson (1884-1932).
CONTENT:
Added prayer to St Edmund the Martyr, ff.1v-2; Calendar, ff.2v-14; Hours of the Passion, ff.15-31v: matins (lacking end) f.15, prime (lacking opening) f.19, terce f.21v, sext f.24, none f.25v, vespers (lacking end) f.27v, compline (lacking opening) f.30; Hours of the Cross, ff.32-38v: matins f,32, prime f.33, terce f.33v, sext f.34v, none f.35, vespers f.36, compline f.36v; Hours of the Holy Spirit (lacking terce) ff.39-42v: matins f.39, prime (lacking end) f.39v, sext f.40, none f.40v, vespers f.41, compline f.41v; Mass of the Virgin, ff.43-47v; Gospel extracts, f.47v-51v: John f.47v, Luke f.48v, Matthew f.50, Mark f.51; Office of the Virgin secundum usum romanum, ff.52-107v: matins f.52, lauds f.70, prime f.81, terce f.85, sext f.89, none f.93, vespers f.97, compline f.104; Hours of the Compassion of the Virgin, ff.108-129v: matins (lacking opening) f.108, lauds f.112v, prime f.117, terce f.118v, sext f.120v, none f.122, vespers f.124, compline f.127v; prayers to the Virgin of compassion at the seven hours (A. Wilmart, Auteurs spirituels et textes dévots du moyen âge, 1932, pp.523-6), in the feminine (lacking matins and opening of prime, one leaf after f.129), ff.129v-134; a different sequence to the Virgin at the seven hours, following Christ's Passion from His arrest (Wilmart, pp.526-7), ff.134-136; Stabat mater, opening Salve mater, ff.136-137; O domina gloriose, ff.137v-138; Sancta maria mater, f.138; Litany of the Virgin and prayers to the Virgin, in the feminine, ff.138v-154v; Suffrages, detailed with the subjects of the historiated initials below, ff.155-174v; Penitential Psalms, ff.175-185v; Litany (lacking end of prayers), ff.185v-190v, Office of the Dead, use of Rome (lacking opening), ff.191-228v; Psalter of St Jerome, with opening prayer in the masculine, ff.229-240; Hundred Meditations on the Passion, ff.241-250v; prayers to Christ, opening with Domine Jhesu Christe redemptor mundi, in feminine, and In presencia corporis, for famulos or servos tuos N, perhaps a married couple, ff.251-255v; Salve crux amabilis, ff.255-256; sequence of prayers to say on waking and at night, ff.256-257v; prayers to Christ, including Dulcissime domine, in the feminine, f.257v-262v; a confession of sins, Tibi deo omnipotenti, in the masculine, ff.262v-268; Anima mea anima erumpnosa, St Anselm of Canterbury's De planctu amissione virginitatis, the third of the Meditations attributed to him, ff.268-276; Obsecro te, in the masculine, ff.276v-279v; sequence of invocations of the Virgin, Mediatrix omnium, ff.280-283v; Salve regina farsed in French, Tres doulce glorieuse vierge, ff.284-292v; prayers to the Virgin in French, opening with Tres glorieuse vierge Marie, in the feminine, ff.292v-299v; Hours of the Dead, ff.300-302; added prayer, [D]omine exaudi orationem meam quia iam cognosco, often attributed to Pope Gregory, in the feminine, ff.302v-305v; added prayers, in an earlier hand, to Sts Andrew, Peter of Luxembourg, Eustace, Michael and Eugenia, prayer Mon tres cher sire jhesu christ vray dieu je vous lo...vostre bon plaisir par laquelle je puisse aussi gouverner le peuple que vous mavez commis..., verses Juda triginta denariis venditor, Salve sancta facies, ff.306-312v.
This is an unusually rich collection of prayers and devotions, with a number that do not appear in the standard listings. Careful study of its exceptional features may lead to an identification of the original owner, who was clearly someone of high rank and some literacy in Latin.
There are not many texts in French; the meditation of St Anselm on chastity was not a standard part of private devotional practice so that its inclusion suggests not only some familiarity with Latin but also the intervention of a personal chaplain or confessor. The Book of Hours of Philip the Bold, first Valois Duke of Burgundy, which was used and extended by his grandson Philip the Good, contains a sequence of Anselm's Meditations, including the third (Brussels, KBR 10392, ff.158-161v, B. Bousmanne et al. La Librairie de Bourgogne I, 2000). Its emphasis on sinfulness and the need for penitence, found in several of the other prayers, is balanced by knowledge of the Virgin's goodness and hope for her merciful intercession. Among the saints commemorated are Adrian, Gregory, Claud, Bernadino, Anne and Barbara, who were also among the suffrages added by Philip the Good to his grandfather's Book of Hours (section in Cambridge, Fitzwilliam Museum, ms 3-1954, S. Panayotova and N. Morgan, A Catalogue of Western Book Illumination in the Fitzwilliam Museum and Cambridge Colleges, Part I, 2009). The fervent piety is as typical of the Burgundian court as is the luxuriously and beautifully decorated volume.
ILLUMINATION:
The illumination was probably executed c.1460 in Bruges where the duke of Burgundy, Philip the Good, had many manuscripts illuminated by Willem Vrelant, who was active there from 1454 until his death in 1481 (see B. Bousmanne, "A Guillaume Wielant aussi enlumineur", 1997).
The minutely crafted historiated initials fuse Vrelant's more animated style with the attractive patterning derived from the Masters of the Gold Scrolls who had dominated Bruges illumination towards the middle of the century - their scrolls appear in the backgrounds of some initials. An extraordinary amount of detail is conveyed in the initials: little boats on the water in John the Baptist's landscape, f.155, the cross between the antlers of St Hubert's stag, f.165, or the tiny tooth in St Apollonia's pliers, f.173v. The borders present a colourful variety of flowers and fruit, derived from observed reality, elegantly interwoven with invented foliage and stylised forms in burnished gold. Five of the full-page borders are enlivened by beasts, birds and drolleries: a half-length huntsman with boar spear and fowl's leg lure with his dog below, f.15, a bear gesticulating angrily as a monkey beats him at chess beside a basket of cherries, with a rabbit and a lion f.43, a peacock ff.52 and 81, a mitred man with the lower part of a bird f.175.
The lavishness of the decoration is evident from the start, where in the calendar gold initials on coloured grounds open the name of each saint. It is equalled by the clarity of the graceful script, also typical of manuscripts from the Burgundian court. The first addition was carefully written to match and given initials and line-endings in red and blue; a decorated initial was envisaged for the final addition, f.302v. This was an expensive and very individual commission: it may yet prove possible to establish the identity of the patron.
The saints shown in the historiated initials are as follows:
John the Baptist f.155, John the Evangelist f.155v, Peter f.156, Paul f.156v, Stephen f.157, Lawrence f.157v, Christopher carrying the Christ Child f.158, Sebastian as a knight in armour f.158v, George slaying the dragon f.159v, Adrian f.160, Quentin f.160v, Gregory f.161, Jerome f.161v, Augustine f.162, Ambrose f.162v, Anthony Abbot with pig f.163, Nicolas with the three boys in the brine tub f.163v, Martin f.164, Iodocus as a pilgrim f.164v, Hubert and the miraculous stag f.165, Julian in his boat f.165v, Stigmatisation of Francis f.166, Bernadino with the mitres of the three bishoprics he rejected f.166v, Claud f.167, Maurice f.167v, Louis as King of France f.168v, Denis f.169, Cornelius 169v, Dominic f.170, Fiacre in his garden f.170v, Anne with the Virgin and Child f.171, Mary Magdalen f.171v, Margaret bursting from the dragon f.172, Katherine vanquishing the Emperor f.172v, Barbara f.173, Apollonia f.173v, Cecilia f.174, Clara f.174v.
[Bruges c.1460]175 x 120mm. ii paper + 313 + ii paper leaves, last 9 16th-century additions, first and last former pastedowns, apparently mostly gatherings of 8, lacking at least seven leaves with text and probably inserted single leaves with miniatures, 18 lines written in black ink in a bâtarde hand between two verticals and nineteen horizontals ruled in red, justification: 87 x 55mm, rubrics in red, one-line initials and line-endings in burnished gold on grounds of pink and blue patterned with white, two-line initials with staves of pink or blue on burnished gold grounds leading to borders in side margins of burnished gold leaves and disks with coloured leaves, flowers and fruit on hairline tendrils, similar four-line initials leading to borders to three sides with similar motifs around acanthus leaves and sprays of flowers and fruit, THIRTEEN LARGE INITIALS WITH FULL-PAGE BORDERS predominantly of acanthus, fruit and flower sprays, some with drolleries, animals or birds, THIRTY-EIGHT HISTORIATED INITIALS WITH BORDERS to three sides (lacking leaves as above, offsetting and wear to margins, some borders rubbed and gold worn, border excised top f.122, side margin excised f.305, initial smudged f.47v). 17th-century French mottled calf, spine in six compartments gilt (rebacked with original spine laid down). Brown morocco box by the Lakeside Press, Chicago.
PROVENANCE:
1. Both content and decoration show that the manuscript was made in Bruges. The calendar includes St Basil in gold (3 April); the litany invokes Omer, Bertin and Bavo, saints revered in the west of the southern Netherlands, as is Iodocus or Josse, who appears in the suffrages with St Bernadino, canonised in 1450. The Duke of Burgundy, Philip the Good, called his second son Josse and the inclusion of St Louis, patron of the royal house of France and so of the dukes of Burgundy, and St Denis, together with the prayers in French, suggest that the patron of this exceptionally full and lavishly decorated book was a member of the Francophone Burgundian court. Some prayers are in the masculine but more in the feminine, while one invokes protection for famulos tuos N and servos tuos N, ff.254-255v, perhaps a married couple; the suffrages feature several warrior saints shown as knights. The patron was someone of significant status, perhaps from the house of Luxembourg noted for its love of fine manuscripts, if it was for him that a gathering perhaps with an originally blank outer bifolium was added soon afterwards, ff.305-312. Written in a similar script, it includes a suffrage to St Peter of Luxembourg, f.306, and a prayer in French for one to whom God has entrusted people to govern and who has children, f.308; most unusually, there is a memorial to St Eugenia, with two prayers, f.307v. A little later, a Latin prayer, in the feminine, was written on the pages left blank at the end of the original volume, ff.302v-304v, and continued onto what was perhaps the opening blank of the added gathering, f.305; the final blank was apparently cancelled. A prayer to St Edmund was added in a 15th-century cursive hand to the blanks preceding the calendar, ff.1v-2, indicating some connection with England; in 1464 Edward IV married Elizabeth Woodville, daughter from the second marriage of Jacquetta of Luxembourg, widow of Henry V's brother, the Duke of Bedford, and contacts between the Burgundian and English courts intensified with the marriage of Charles the Bold and Margaret of York in 1468.
2. The book was in France when bound; an 18th-century hand has written Casse II on f.1.
3. H.R.H. Frederick Augustus, Duke of Sussex (1773-1843), son of George III: his engraved bookplate inside upper cover; T.J. Pettigrew, Bibliotheca Sussexiana, a Descriptive Catalogue.. of the Manuscripts and Printed Books in the Library of H.R.H. the Duke of Sussex in Kensington Palace, I, pt 1, 1827, no. 136, p.191, as pencilled on bookplate.
4. Edward Hailstone (1818-1890), Yorkshire antiquarian and book collector: his armorial gilt leather bookplate inside lower cover. An entire floor of his home at Walton Hall, near Wakefield, was devoted to his library; his Yorkshire collections were bequeathed to York Minster, where a part of the library is named after him. His sale, Sotheby's, 23 April 1891, lot 1394.
5. Alfred Higgins F.S.A. (d.1902), antiquarian and collector: his sale, Sotheby's, 2 May 1904, lot 91; sculptures from his collections, mostly sold at Christie's, 29 January 1904, are now in the British Museum and Victoria and Albert Museum.
Quaritch, Catalogue 237, 1905, no 337; Hiersemann, Catalogue 330, 1906, no 31.
6. Isabelle Corwith Cramer (1861-1954): bookplate inside upper cover. Isabelle Corwith was the second wife of Ambrose Cramer of Chicago, who made a fortune from mining supplies; her stepson was the architect Ambrose Cramer Jr. Mrs Cramer gave the book to Isabelle Corwith Ryerson (1888-1976), her daughter from her first marriage to Charles McGennis: name on label on book box, with 'gift from Rome 1924'; on loose paper headed From the desk of Mrs. Ambrose Cramer 'Isabelle Ryerson, Her property, Given on my return from Italy 1920? Here for safe keeping'. The younger Isabelle was married to Donald Ryerson (1884-1932).
CONTENT:
Added prayer to St Edmund the Martyr, ff.1v-2; Calendar, ff.2v-14; Hours of the Passion, ff.15-31v: matins (lacking end) f.15, prime (lacking opening) f.19, terce f.21v, sext f.24, none f.25v, vespers (lacking end) f.27v, compline (lacking opening) f.30; Hours of the Cross, ff.32-38v: matins f,32, prime f.33, terce f.33v, sext f.34v, none f.35, vespers f.36, compline f.36v; Hours of the Holy Spirit (lacking terce) ff.39-42v: matins f.39, prime (lacking end) f.39v, sext f.40, none f.40v, vespers f.41, compline f.41v; Mass of the Virgin, ff.43-47v; Gospel extracts, f.47v-51v: John f.47v, Luke f.48v, Matthew f.50, Mark f.51; Office of the Virgin secundum usum romanum, ff.52-107v: matins f.52, lauds f.70, prime f.81, terce f.85, sext f.89, none f.93, vespers f.97, compline f.104; Hours of the Compassion of the Virgin, ff.108-129v: matins (lacking opening) f.108, lauds f.112v, prime f.117, terce f.118v, sext f.120v, none f.122, vespers f.124, compline f.127v; prayers to the Virgin of compassion at the seven hours (A. Wilmart, Auteurs spirituels et textes dévots du moyen âge, 1932, pp.523-6), in the feminine (lacking matins and opening of prime, one leaf after f.129), ff.129v-134; a different sequence to the Virgin at the seven hours, following Christ's Passion from His arrest (Wilmart, pp.526-7), ff.134-136; Stabat mater, opening Salve mater, ff.136-137; O domina gloriose, ff.137v-138; Sancta maria mater, f.138; Litany of the Virgin and prayers to the Virgin, in the feminine, ff.138v-154v; Suffrages, detailed with the subjects of the historiated initials below, ff.155-174v; Penitential Psalms, ff.175-185v; Litany (lacking end of prayers), ff.185v-190v, Office of the Dead, use of Rome (lacking opening), ff.191-228v; Psalter of St Jerome, with opening prayer in the masculine, ff.229-240; Hundred Meditations on the Passion, ff.241-250v; prayers to Christ, opening with Domine Jhesu Christe redemptor mundi, in feminine, and In presencia corporis, for famulos or servos tuos N, perhaps a married couple, ff.251-255v; Salve crux amabilis, ff.255-256; sequence of prayers to say on waking and at night, ff.256-257v; prayers to Christ, including Dulcissime domine, in the feminine, f.257v-262v; a confession of sins, Tibi deo omnipotenti, in the masculine, ff.262v-268; Anima mea anima erumpnosa, St Anselm of Canterbury's De planctu amissione virginitatis, the third of the Meditations attributed to him, ff.268-276; Obsecro te, in the masculine, ff.276v-279v; sequence of invocations of the Virgin, Mediatrix omnium, ff.280-283v; Salve regina farsed in French, Tres doulce glorieuse vierge, ff.284-292v; prayers to the Virgin in French, opening with Tres glorieuse vierge Marie, in the feminine, ff.292v-299v; Hours of the Dead, ff.300-302; added prayer, [D]omine exaudi orationem meam quia iam cognosco, often attributed to Pope Gregory, in the feminine, ff.302v-305v; added prayers, in an earlier hand, to Sts Andrew, Peter of Luxembourg, Eustace, Michael and Eugenia, prayer Mon tres cher sire jhesu christ vray dieu je vous lo...vostre bon plaisir par laquelle je puisse aussi gouverner le peuple que vous mavez commis..., verses Juda triginta denariis venditor, Salve sancta facies, ff.306-312v.
This is an unusually rich collection of prayers and devotions, with a number that do not appear in the standard listings. Careful study of its exceptional features may lead to an identification of the original owner, who was clearly someone of high rank and some literacy in Latin.
There are not many texts in French; the meditation of St Anselm on chastity was not a standard part of private devotional practice so that its inclusion suggests not only some familiarity with Latin but also the intervention of a personal chaplain or confessor. The Book of Hours of Philip the Bold, first Valois Duke of Burgundy, which was used and extended by his grandson Philip the Good, contains a sequence of Anselm's Meditations, including the third (Brussels, KBR 10392, ff.158-161v, B. Bousmanne et al. La Librairie de Bourgogne I, 2000). Its emphasis on sinfulness and the need for penitence, found in several of the other prayers, is balanced by knowledge of the Virgin's goodness and hope for her merciful intercession. Among the saints commemorated are Adrian, Gregory, Claud, Bernadino, Anne and Barbara, who were also among the suffrages added by Philip the Good to his grandfather's Book of Hours (section in Cambridge, Fitzwilliam Museum, ms 3-1954, S. Panayotova and N. Morgan, A Catalogue of Western Book Illumination in the Fitzwilliam Museum and Cambridge Colleges, Part I, 2009). The fervent piety is as typical of the Burgundian court as is the luxuriously and beautifully decorated volume.
ILLUMINATION:
The illumination was probably executed c.1460 in Bruges where the duke of Burgundy, Philip the Good, had many manuscripts illuminated by Willem Vrelant, who was active there from 1454 until his death in 1481 (see B. Bousmanne, "A Guillaume Wielant aussi enlumineur", 1997).
The minutely crafted historiated initials fuse Vrelant's more animated style with the attractive patterning derived from the Masters of the Gold Scrolls who had dominated Bruges illumination towards the middle of the century - their scrolls appear in the backgrounds of some initials. An extraordinary amount of detail is conveyed in the initials: little boats on the water in John the Baptist's landscape, f.155, the cross between the antlers of St Hubert's stag, f.165, or the tiny tooth in St Apollonia's pliers, f.173v. The borders present a colourful variety of flowers and fruit, derived from observed reality, elegantly interwoven with invented foliage and stylised forms in burnished gold. Five of the full-page borders are enlivened by beasts, birds and drolleries: a half-length huntsman with boar spear and fowl's leg lure with his dog below, f.15, a bear gesticulating angrily as a monkey beats him at chess beside a basket of cherries, with a rabbit and a lion f.43, a peacock ff.52 and 81, a mitred man with the lower part of a bird f.175.
The lavishness of the decoration is evident from the start, where in the calendar gold initials on coloured grounds open the name of each saint. It is equalled by the clarity of the graceful script, also typical of manuscripts from the Burgundian court. The first addition was carefully written to match and given initials and line-endings in red and blue; a decorated initial was envisaged for the final addition, f.302v. This was an expensive and very individual commission: it may yet prove possible to establish the identity of the patron.
The saints shown in the historiated initials are as follows:
John the Baptist f.155, John the Evangelist f.155v, Peter f.156, Paul f.156v, Stephen f.157, Lawrence f.157v, Christopher carrying the Christ Child f.158, Sebastian as a knight in armour f.158v, George slaying the dragon f.159v, Adrian f.160, Quentin f.160v, Gregory f.161, Jerome f.161v, Augustine f.162, Ambrose f.162v, Anthony Abbot with pig f.163, Nicolas with the three boys in the brine tub f.163v, Martin f.164, Iodocus as a pilgrim f.164v, Hubert and the miraculous stag f.165, Julian in his boat f.165v, Stigmatisation of Francis f.166, Bernadino with the mitres of the three bishoprics he rejected f.166v, Claud f.167, Maurice f.167v, Louis as King of France f.168v, Denis f.169, Cornelius 169v, Dominic f.170, Fiacre in his garden f.170v, Anne with the Virgin and Child f.171, Mary Magdalen f.171v, Margaret bursting from the dragon f.172, Katherine vanquishing the Emperor f.172v, Barbara f.173, Apollonia f.173v, Cecilia f.174, Clara f.174v.
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