A RARE JIAN WARE 'OIL-SPOT' BLACK-GLAZED CONICAL BOWL
A RARE JIAN WARE 'OIL-SPOT' BLACK-GLAZED CONICAL BOWL
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宋 建窰黑釉油滴盞

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細節
盞撇口,斜壁,圈足。內外施黑釉,釉面浮懸小油滴紋,口沿呈醬褐色。厚釉至近足處,胎體黑褐色。

宋代南方燒造黑釉器,以建窰最著名。此器紋飾介乎兔毫與油滴斑之間,非常罕見。油滴結晶裝飾要求陶匠相當的巧工,先於坯體塗鐵含量高的化裝土,再施北方的普通高鐵量黑釉。窰燒時釉內氣泡帶著高濃度鐵質上升到釉面,冷却時結晶成銀色磁鐵礦,產生猶如黑水中油滴或夜空中繁星的裝飾。油滴盞例子可參考東京静嘉堂收藏,美國哈佛大學藝術博物館則收藏兔毫斑盞例子。

宋代飲茶活動高度發展,其中包括茶道比賽,由裁判根據盞內茶液泡沫的質量及持久度評選。黑褐盞較能襯托白色茶沫觀察茶色,因此最受歡迎。

榮譽呈獻

Nick Wilson
Nick Wilson

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The current bowl has a very attractive black glaze with silver and brown streaks. The formation of patterns on Jian ware bowls depends on the specific oxides of iron that form in firing and to the type of crystals that develop as the glaze cools. The current bowl's appearance is somewhere between 'silver hare's fur' and 'oil spots', and is a rare occurrence. Compare to an 'oil spot' example of similar shape but larger in size in the Seikado Bunko Museum, Tokyo, illustrated in Seika Toji Zenshu - Song, Vol. 12, 1997, Tokyo, pl. 251-2, p. 254. Compare also to the example with an indented mouth rim illustrated in ibid, pls. 94-5, pp. 100-101. A 'silver hare's fur' example in the Metropolitan Museum of Art is illustrated by Robert D. Mowry in Hare's Fur, Tortoiseshell, and Partridge Feathers, Harvard University Art Museums, Cambridge, 1995, no. 83, p. 220.

Conical bowls were intended primarily for the drinking of tea. The choice of tea during the Song and Jin periods was a white tea that was whisked to produce a white froth on top. Black-glazed bowls such as the present example became increasingly popular as they showed off the frothy white tea to great advantage.

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