CIRCA 1880, BLACK PAINTED SCRIPT MARK AND RETAILER'S MARK FOR J.E. CALDWELL & CO., PHILADELPHIA, SIGNED N(ARCISSE) V.(IVIEN)

The NV monogram on this pair of vases corresponds with that of N. Vivien, an exhibitor at the Paris Exposition Universelle of 1878 and a meticulous painter of birds, often associated with works enriched with a platinum-ground.