JIN DYNASTY, POSSIBLY XIXIA KINGDOM, 12TH-EARLY 13TH CENTURY

The technique used to decorate the present vase, which involved fully glazing the vessel and then cutting away or incising the design through the glaze before firing, was employed at several kilns producing Cizhou-style ceramics in Henan and Shanxi provinces. However, stonewares decorated using the same technique were also made at the kilns to the northwest of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region. The highpoint of ceramic production in this region was under the Xi Xia or Western Xia (AD 1038-1227), a Tibetan-related people greatly influenced by Chinese culture who allied with the Liao to prevent Song incursion into the their territory. Despite numerous attacks by the Song armies, the Xia Xia remained undefeated until conquered by the invading Mongols in AD 1227.
Three meiping with similar designs of peony sprays in quatrefoil panels set against a ground of undulating waves are illustrated by Hang Tian in Xixia Ceramics, Beijing, 2010, p. 313, no. TB3001.