Lot Essay
Au XVIIème siècle à l’époque Momoyama, les objets en laque richement incrustés et décorés sont progressivement remplacés par des œuvres laquées plus minimalistes, cette tendance s’affirmera à l’époque Edo qui développera un décor simple et élégant en laque or et argent sur fond noir. Les shoguns Tokugawa ont imposé au milieu du XVIIème siècle une politique d’isolement vis-à-vis la commerce maritime et les ports. Au départ de Nagasaki, les néerlandais ont commandité et ramené en Europe la plupart des cabinets japonais en laque que nous connaissons dans les grandes collections européennes. Il est intéressant de noter le mélange d’influence chinoise, japonaise et étrangère, caractéristique des premières laques commanditées par les néerlandais pour l’exportation. Ainsi, les scènes ornant ce cabinet rappellent la peinture chinoise, mais les techniques de laque utilisées telles takamaki-e ou nashiji sont typiquement japonaises. Les néerlandais étaient d’excellents marchands et ont exporté ce type d’œuvres dans de nombreuses grandes demeures en Europe. Ces cabinets sont représentatifs du goût des européens à partir du XVIIème siècle pour des objets d’art raffinés et exotiques. Le fait de devoir les commanditer signifiait que ces objets en laque devaient être produits sous un délai précis et une valeur fixe. De ce fait, il était courant que leurs fines couches de laque noire s’oxydent et deviennent grisâtre après quelques années d’exposition au soleil. Cependant les œuvres pouvaient être « rafraichies » par un artisan occidental grâce à un vernis occidental à l’imitation de la laque du Japon. Ce type de cabinets est néanmoins souvent de qualité supérieure aux autres objets d’exportation et était l’objet de commandes spécifiques. Nous pouvons comparer notre exemple aux cabinets de la Collection royale du Danemark, illustrés dans Martha Boyer, Japanese Export Lacquers from the Seventeenth Century in the National Museum of Denmark, Copenhagen, 1959.
Richly inlaid and decorated lacquerware fashionable during the Momoyama period in the 16th century gradually gave way to a simpler set of aesthetics by the 17th century, where we see a growing trend during the Edo period of elegant and restrained gold and silver decorated scenes on plain black lacquered background. By the middle of the 17th century, the Tokugawa shogunate enacted a more seclusionist policy towards trading and ports. The Dutch sailing from Nagasaki commissioned and brought back to Europe most of the elaborate lacquered Japanese chests we know in European collections. A mix of Chinese, Japanese and foreign styles is an interesting characteristic of early Dutch export lacquer. For example, the scenes here are reminiscent of Chinese paintings, but techniques such as takamaki-e and nashiji are typically Japanese. The Dutch merchants were valiant businessmen and sold similar objects to grand European households all over the continent. These chests were exemplary of the desirable exquisite and exotic artworks wanted by Europeans from the 17th century and on. Commissions meant that much of the lacquer had to be produced to a fixed price and time. As a result, their thin coats of black lacquer often became grey and oxidised after years of exposure to sunlight, and were sometimes "refreshed" by a western Japanner using a shellac-based "lacquer". These chests however are of finer quality than the normal export wares, and were probably part of a special order. Compare to similar cabinets in the Royal Danish Collection, see Martha Boyer, Japanese Export Lacquers from the Seventeenth Century in the National Museum of Denmark, Copenhagen, 1959.
Richly inlaid and decorated lacquerware fashionable during the Momoyama period in the 16th century gradually gave way to a simpler set of aesthetics by the 17th century, where we see a growing trend during the Edo period of elegant and restrained gold and silver decorated scenes on plain black lacquered background. By the middle of the 17th century, the Tokugawa shogunate enacted a more seclusionist policy towards trading and ports. The Dutch sailing from Nagasaki commissioned and brought back to Europe most of the elaborate lacquered Japanese chests we know in European collections. A mix of Chinese, Japanese and foreign styles is an interesting characteristic of early Dutch export lacquer. For example, the scenes here are reminiscent of Chinese paintings, but techniques such as takamaki-e and nashiji are typically Japanese. The Dutch merchants were valiant businessmen and sold similar objects to grand European households all over the continent. These chests were exemplary of the desirable exquisite and exotic artworks wanted by Europeans from the 17th century and on. Commissions meant that much of the lacquer had to be produced to a fixed price and time. As a result, their thin coats of black lacquer often became grey and oxidised after years of exposure to sunlight, and were sometimes "refreshed" by a western Japanner using a shellac-based "lacquer". These chests however are of finer quality than the normal export wares, and were probably part of a special order. Compare to similar cabinets in the Royal Danish Collection, see Martha Boyer, Japanese Export Lacquers from the Seventeenth Century in the National Museum of Denmark, Copenhagen, 1959.