CIRCA 1ST CENTURY A.D.

Although the articulation of the eyes is a later addition this Julio-Claudian portrait bears similarities with portraits of Livia 58 B.C.-29 A.D.), wife of Augustus Caesar and mother of Tiberius; the lips indented at the corners, the sturdy chin, oval face and her wavy hair centrally parted and drawn back. The epitome of the dignified Roman matron, she was usually depicted with severely conservative hairstyles, little jewellery and often wearing the stola (veil) over the back of the head. Similar Livia portraits can be found in the Ny Carlsberg Glyptotek, Copenhagen, the Capitoline Museum, Rome, and the St Petersburg State Hermitage museum.
Also see E. Bartman, Portraits of Livia, Imaging the Imperial Woman in Augustan Rome, where four distinctive portrait types of the Empress are identified that correspond to different points in time.