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拍品专文
This illustration is from a series knows as the 'Second Guler' Ramayana attributed to the first generation of artists after Manaku and Nainsukh. The first section of the series, dating to circa 1780, is known as the 'Bharany Ramayana,' comprising illustrations from the first three books of the Ramayana. The second section of the series, distinguishable by its floral borders, comprises illustrations from Books Five and Six. Our illustration comes from the second section and belongs to Book Six, the Yuddhakanda or the Book of War. Goswamy and Fischer date this second section to circa 1790 and have listed known paintings from this section of the series (M.C. Beach, E. Fischer, B.N. Goswamy (ed.), Masters of Indian Painting 1650-1900, Zurich, 2011, p.690).
The present folio depicts Rama, alongside his brother Lakshmana, receiving a message from Jambhaven, who has pledged the support of his army in the battles against Ravana. The leaders are carefully guarded by a circle of bear and monkey soldiers wielding heavy branches as their weapons. In the background, a battalion of monkey soldiers are already engaged in battle, successfully warding off a mob of Ravana's demons.
Other pages from the 'Second Guler' series are in the Philadelphia Museum of Art (acc. no. 1982-34-1), the Asian Art Museum, San Francisco (acc. no. 1992.95), Walters Art Museum (acc. nos. W.877, W.902, W.909), the Metropolitan Museum of Art (acc. no. 1987.424.13), and the San Diego Museum of Art (acc. no. 1990.1282). Paintings from this series have also sold at Bonhams New York, 11 September 2012, lot 89, Sotheby's New York, 21 March 2012, lot 210, Christie’s London, 12 June 2018, lot 26, and more recently at Christie's New York 23 March 2022, lot 467.
The present folio depicts Rama, alongside his brother Lakshmana, receiving a message from Jambhaven, who has pledged the support of his army in the battles against Ravana. The leaders are carefully guarded by a circle of bear and monkey soldiers wielding heavy branches as their weapons. In the background, a battalion of monkey soldiers are already engaged in battle, successfully warding off a mob of Ravana's demons.
Other pages from the 'Second Guler' series are in the Philadelphia Museum of Art (acc. no. 1982-34-1), the Asian Art Museum, San Francisco (acc. no. 1992.95), Walters Art Museum (acc. nos. W.877, W.902, W.909), the Metropolitan Museum of Art (acc. no. 1987.424.13), and the San Diego Museum of Art (acc. no. 1990.1282). Paintings from this series have also sold at Bonhams New York, 11 September 2012, lot 89, Sotheby's New York, 21 March 2012, lot 210, Christie’s London, 12 June 2018, lot 26, and more recently at Christie's New York 23 March 2022, lot 467.