Lot Essay
Mustafa al-Halimi is recorded as a master calligrapher who granted an ijaza or license to his student 'Ali Ra'if Efendi. This is confirmed by an ijaza in the Library of Congress which is dated AH 1206 / 1791-92 AD (inv.1-88-154.129). An anthology of Ottoman poetry offered at Sotheby's London, 6 October 2010, lot 49, had a colophon confirming that Mustafa al-Halimi was the teacher of the scribe.