John Singer Sargent (1856-1925)

Olive Trunk

Details
John Singer Sargent (1856-1925)
Olive Trunk
watercolor and gouache on paper over pencil indications
19 x 13in. (50 x 35cm.)
Provenance
The artist
M. Knoedler & Co., Inc., New York
The Brooklyn Museum, Brooklyn, New York, 1909
M. Knoedler & Co., Inc., New York, 1926
Mrs. Christopher Smiles, New London, Connecticut, 1944
M. Knoedler & Co., Inc., New York
John M. Wisdom, 1965
The Shepherd Gallery, New York
David Daniels, New York, 1967
Literature
W.H. Downes, John S. Sargent, Boston, 1925, p. 270, no. 573
Exhibited
New York, M. Knoedler & Co., Inc., Watercolor Drawings by John Singer Sargent and Edward Darley Boit, 1909, no. 37
New York, Kleeman Gallery, Twelve Watercolors by J. S. Sargent, 1943, no. 5
New York, M. Knoedler & Co., Inc., Watercolors by Sargent and Brabazon, 1959 (?), no. 41
Lynchburg, Virginia, American Watercolors and Drawings, 51st Annual Loan Exhibition, 1962, no. 16
Minneapolis, Minnesota, The Minneapolis Institute of Arts, Loan Exhibition: Selections from the Drawing Collection of David Daniels, February-April 1968, no. 69, illus. (This exhibition also traveled to Chicago, Illinois, The Art Institute of Chicago, May-June 1968; Kansas City, Missouri, Nelson Gallery-Atkins Museum, July-September 1968; Cambridge, Massachusetts, Fogg Art Museum, Harvard University, October-November 1968)
New York, Andrew Crispo Gallery, Ten Americans: Masters of Watercolor, May-June 1974, no. 135, illus.

Lot Essay

John Singer Sargent painted Olive Trunk in 1908 during one of his frequent trips to the Mediterranean. Throughout his extensive travels across southern Europe and northern Africa, the artist executed a variety of watercolors en plein air. A number of these works, including Olive Trunk, exhibit virtuoso brushwork and luminous color, qualities which have come to define Sargent's finest work in the medium.

The Sargent scholar Trevor Fairbrother has observed that "color and its effects were central concerns of his watercolors. In direct contrast to the conventions and routines accepted in his portraits, Sargent's watercolors emphasize the sparkle of outdoor light, the exuberance of color for its own sake, and forms and spaces that make composition an expressive element." (John Singer Sargent, New York, 1994, p. 107)

Olive Trunk depicts the roots of a centuries-old olive tree clinging to the side of a rocky hill. With its wizened textures and silvery-gray color, the massive tree evokes a sense of timelessness. Additionally, this watercolor exhibits a lustrous mixture of translucent washes and opaque gouache, and the combination of the two types of aqueous media lends a richness and depth to the surface of the paper. Sargent has chosen to use a restrained palette of purples, mauves and browns, making for a subtle color combination that is offset with occasional touches of emerald green.

Although Olive Trunk traditionally has been said to have been painted in Corfu, it was shown in the watercolor exhibition devoted exclusively to Sargent's work (comprised of eighty-three works chosen by the artist) at Knoedler's, New York, in February 1909, several months before Sargent first traveled to Corfu. It was more likely, therfore, that this watercolor was painted in Majorca (as suggested by David McKibben in 1968), where Sargent made a number of watercolors of olive and ilex trees. Such watercolors were generally made when the artist was on holiday--there is an exuberance and freshness about them that expresses his joy both in the occasion and in his mastery of the fluid medium. "They flow from his hand with the turbulence of water from a mill race," wrote Evan Charteris (John S. Sargent, New York, 1927, p. 225). Bizarre shapes, when they appeared in nature's forms, fascinated the artist. It is not without significance that he never drew simple people buffeted by life's storms, while trees and rock forms beaten, bent or broken by nature's forces found a sympathetic, even transforming recorder in the gifted artist. This particular gnarled old trunk and root writhes with such life that it almost suggests a giant human form.

This work will be included in the forthcoming John Singer Sargent catalogue raisonn by Richard Ormond and Elaine Kilmurray, in collaboration with Warren Adelson and Elizabeth Oustinoff.