AN EXTREMELY RARE CARVED POLYCHROME LACQUER 'TOY PEDDLER' CIRCULAR DISH
明嘉靖 剔彩「貨郎圖」圓盤 填金刀刻《大明嘉靖年製》楷書款

JIAJING SIX-CHARACTER MARK AND OF THE PERIOD (1522-1566)

細節
盤圓形,撇口,圈足。通體剔彩,備紅、黃、綠三色。盤心圓形開光內刻天、地錦紋,上飾「貨郎圖」。貨郎手持鞀鼓站於貨郎擔前,擔內置各類玩具;四周八個童子,有玩搖鼓的、有鬥蟋蟀的、有玩木偶的、有騎肩馬的。背景雕山石、桃樹,樹上桃實纍纍。內壁雕四龍趕珠紋,外壁飾纏枝靈芝紋。足圈外壁雕回紋一周,內髹朱漆,正中有刀刻填金楷書「大明嘉靖年製」六字直款。

嘉靖時期的漆色以紅、黃、綠為主,雖然漆質乾澀灰暗,但漆色運用精美獨到。北京故宮博物院藏有相同例子,見2006年香港商務印書館出版故宮博物院藏文物珍品全集《元明漆器》,圖版129 (圖一)。

此器的特點是將繪畫題材運用到雕漆作品中,使剔彩漆器表現出嶄新的面貌。此盤畫面應以南宋畫家蘇漢臣和明計盛的「貨郎圖」(圖二)為藍本而成。

此器紋飾與嘉靖時期飾有嬰戲圖的瓷器有異曲同工之妙。嘉靖皇帝求子心切,曾命景德鎮御窰廠限期燒製一批繪有嬰戲圖的瓷器進呈。胡惠春及靜觀堂舊藏裡面有一嘉靖青花庭院嬰戲圖蓋罐,2007年11月27日於香港佳士得拍賣,拍品1738號(圖三)。該罐所繪之孩童個個生動傳神,活潑可愛,與此盤上所刻劃的天真小兒可謂相映成趣。

此盤曾於1993年展覽於香港中文大學《中國漆器二千年》,展覽目錄57號。
展覽
The Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1993, 2000 Years of Chinese Lacquer, Catalogue, no. 57

榮譽呈獻

Nick Wilson
Nick Wilson

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拍品專文

The subject-matter of the decoration on this dish is extremely rare with the only other known identical example of the same size in the Beijing Palace Museum Collection, illustrated in Lacquer Wares of the Yuan and Ming Dynasties, The Complete Collection of Treasures of the Palace Museum, Hong Kong, 2006, pl. 129 (fig. 1).

The design of the current dish was inspired by genre paintings known as huolang tu, 'commodities for children' or more popularly known in the west as 'toy peddler paintings'. This amusing depiction of children in eager anticipation at the arrival of an itinerant tradesman who plied his goods from large baskets was intended to reflect social realities of the time. This cheerful theme gained tremendous popularity among Southern Song court artists such as Su Hanchen and Li Song. Two examples of these 'peddler' paintings by Li Song, active during the early 13th century, are illustrated in Zhongguo Gudai Shuhua Jianding Zu, Zhejiang renminmeishu chubanshe, 1999: the first is a handscroll dated to 1211, in the Beijing Palace Museum Collection, nos. 31-33; and the other is an album leaf in the National Palace Museum, Taipei, no. 34.

This genre perpetuated into the Ming period, and was popularly adopted by Ming court artists as visual means to convey auspicious wishes. A comparable depiction to scene on the present dish is a painting by the Ming court painter Ji Sheng, who was active during the Xuande period (1426-1435), illustrated in Gugong bowuguan cang Ming Qing huihua, Beijing, 1994, pl. 6 (fig. 2). An interesting point of note is the similar rectangular construction of the make-shift stall from which various trinkets are suspended and displayed. Whilst the tradesman in the painting is depicted in the pre-occupation of setting up his canopied stall, the scene on the dish illustrates the peddler with one hand raised as if to attract the attention of the surrounding children to his goods laden baskets.

The theme of 'children at play' or a 'hundred boys' was topical throughout Song to Ming periods. Images of children became symbolic of progeny and fulfillment of the Confucian ideal in the education, and advancement of sons. As such, this type of pictorial images was progatated on a wide range of decorative objects, including porcelain, jade, textile and lacquerware. One can easily see parellels between the many playful children depicted on the present dish, and 'hundred boys' motif often seen on Jiajing period porcelains. Compare for example a Jiajing-marked blue and white 'hundred boys' jar depicting young boys in various leisurely pursuits, in the J.M. Hu and Jingguantang Collections, sold at Christie's Hong Kong, 27 November 2007, lot 1738 (fig. 3). The boys painted on the jar share many characteristics with the present dish such as their loosly-fitted tunics, large shaven heads, and rounded faces with wide eyes. This theme would undoubtly appeal greatly to the Jiajing Emperor, who was known to be particularly wishful for a male heir.

更多來自 <strong>千文萬華-李氏家族重要漆器珍藏 (III)</strong>

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