Rembrandt Harmensz. van Rijn (Leiden 1606-1669 Amsterdam)
DRAWINGS BY REMBRANDT AND HIS SCHOOL: THE PROPERTY OF A GENTLEMAN (LOTS 50-56) One of the interesting phenomena in 17th Century art is the deep influence of Rembrandt's very personal and wide range of styles on his pupils, followers and later imitators. Consequently, the styles of the many pupils he had are very diverse and moreover they later developed styles of their own. The differences in style in the oeuvre of a single pupil can clearly be demonstrated by the two drawings by Hoogstraten in the sale: while the drawing of Saint Jerome in his study (lot 52), with its strong outlines, shows the influence of Rembrandt's work of the 1640s, The interior of a synagogue (lot 53) shows Hoogstraten using Rembrandt's finer style. This drawing is a concept for a composition of the same subject which was eventually executed in a finished and precise style hardly related to Rembrandt. A pupil whose style is broader than Rembrandt's, but still very much influenced by him, is Ferdinand Bol, represented here by Jacob and Rachel (lot 51). The anonymous drawing from a later period, The Departure of the Prodigal Son (lot 54) shows Rembrandt's finer style, but here, as with Bol, the pupil imitated Rembrandt's stylistic characteristics and even exaggerated them. The pupils were also taught to follow the style of their master by making copies of his drawings, but this was also done by later followers. In several cases we know of two versions of a drawing and then it is sometimes hard to tell the difference. In the case of two drawings in the style of Rembrandt's pupil Willem Drost, one in the sale (lot 55) and one in Berlin, close comparison makes it clear that the Berlin drawing of Hagar and Ishmael is the original. In the case of the attractive drawing, A blind beggar with a boy and a dog (lot 50), another drawing in Berlin of the same composition and in the same technique has been regarded as the original by Rembrandt - albeit with some hesitation. However, now that we have come to know the drawing in the sale, close comparison reveals that this drawing must be the original, being more characteristic in execution. Finally, the sheet with three figures (lot 56), for which a precise attribution cannot yet be determined, is an example of how close the style of a pupil can come to that of Rembrandt. Peter Schatborn.
Rembrandt Harmensz. van Rijn (Leiden 1606-1669 Amsterdam)

A blind beggar with a boy and a dog

Details
Rembrandt Harmensz. van Rijn (Leiden 1606-1669 Amsterdam)
A blind beggar with a boy and a dog
with inscription 'Rembrant'
black chalk, brown ink framing lines
5 1/8 x 3 3/8 in. (13 x 8.5 cm.)
Provenance
An unidentified collector's mark (L.474), his associated shelfmark '3.D.L7 no.2 HVIII' on the verso
Probably General Auguste-Charles-Joseph de Flahaut de La Billarderie (1785-1870) and his wife Margaret Mercer Elphinstone (1788-1867); and by descent.

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Lot Essay

A drawing (127 x 78 mm.) in the Kupferstichkabinett, Berlin (inv. 5790; see Rembrandt Drawings from the Berlin Kupferstichkabinnett, exhib. cat., Amsterdam, The Rembrandt House Museum, 2007, no. 31) has been traditionally given to Rembrandt himself, albeit with some hesitation, but in fact appears to be a contemporary copy after the present previously unpublished work. Comparison between certain passages in the two drawings, such as the dog's head and hind legs, the relationship between the beggar's hand and the hat he holds, and the delineation of the boy's torso confirm the superiority of the present work.

The drawing can be compared to a few other chalk drawings dating from the late 1640's, especially a Beggar couple with dog in the Albertina (O. Benesch, The Drawings of Rembrandt, London, ed. 1973, IV, no. 751), and a Blind beggar and his family of similar dimensions and bearing an almost identical inscription, now in the Amsterdam Museum, Fodor Collection (inv. A10628; O. Benesh, The Drawings of Rembrandt, London, 1973, vol. IV, no. 749, fig. 946). On the verso of that drawing is a portrait of Jan Six which is a study for an etching dated 1647 (Hind 228).

This and the following six drawings are exciting new additions to the oeuvre of Rembrandt and his pupils, all unpublished with the exception of lot 53. They were probably in the collection of Auguste-Charles-Joseph de Flahaut de La Billarderie, the distinguished French general and ambassador, who served as aide-de-camp to Napoleon. In 1817 he married the Scottish heiress Margaret Mercer Elphinstone, the daughter of Admiral George Keith Elphinstone, 1st Viscount Keith, who later inherited her father's title as 2nd Baroness Keith.

We are grateful to Peter Schatborn for confirming the attribution on examination of the original.

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