Vittore Crivelli (Venice 1444/9-after 1501 Fermo)
Vittore Crivelli (Venice 1444/9-after 1501 Fermo)

The Penitent Saint Jerome in the wilderness

Details
Vittore Crivelli (Venice 1444/9-after 1501 Fermo)
The Penitent Saint Jerome in the wilderness
oil and gold on panel
19 1/8 x 13 3/8 in. (48.7 x 34 cm.)
Provenance
Vinci collection, Palazzo Vinci, Fermo, Le Marche, by 1858.
Emanuele Filiberto di Savoia-Villafranca-Soissons, 4th Count of Villafranca-Soissons (1873–1933), from whom acquired in 1898 by
Joseph Spiridon, Paris; his sale, Berlin, Paul Cassirer and Hugo Helbing, 31 May 1929, lot 16, as Carlo Crivelli.
(Possibly) Professor Julian Singer, Prague.
Anonymous sale; Lempertz, Cologne, 21 November 1957, lot 76, as Italian Master of the 15th Century in the style of Carlo Crivelli.
Anonymous sale; Lempertz, Cologne, 17 May 2008, lot 1121, as Anonymous North Italian School, where acquired by the present owner.
Literature
(Probably) S. Avery-Quash, ed., 'The Travel Notebooks of Sir Charles Eastlake', The Walpole Society, LXXIII, 2011, I, p. 444, as possibly by Vittore Crivelli.
F. Drey, Carlo Crivelli und seine Schule, Munich, 1927, p. 158, as incorrectly ascribed to Carlo Crivelli.
S. Di Provvido, La Pittura di Vittore Crivelli, L'Aquilla, 1972, p. 124, pl. 30.
S. Legoux, 'Vittore Crivelli's Altar-piece from the Vinci Collection' in The Burlington Magazine, February 1975, p. 102, fig. 45.
S. Papetti, Vittore Crivelli e la pittura del suo tempo nel Fermano, Milan, 1997, pp. 221-222, no. 31, pl. XXXII.

Lot Essay

This depiction of The Penitent Saint Jerome was first published by Sir Charles Eastlake (1793-1865) in 1858, three years after he was appointed the first director of the National Gallery, London. Under his directorship, the Gallery secured an annual purchase grant of £10,000 and, to this end, Eastlake spent summers abroad, usually in the company of his wife, Elizabeth. While travelling in Le Marche, he encountered this panel in the Villa Vinci, Fermo, where Vittore Crivelli had himself settled in 1489. It was together with several other panels by the artist belonging to the dismantled altarpiece of the church of San Francesco, Monte Santo. Eastlake, however, recognized Saint Jerome to be independent to the altarpiece.

The linearity of the draftsmanship and the angular quality of figure reveal Vittore’s debt to his brother, Carlo, in whose workshop he likely spent time at the beginning of his career. The painting can be compared stylistically to Vittore’s polyptych in the church of Sant’Elpidio, Mare, which, though less refined, almost certainly postdates the present work.

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