ZHANG XIAOGANG
張曉剛

王者之樹

細節
張曉剛
王者之樹
油彩 紙本
1988年作
簽名:曉剛


展覽
2007年4月21日-2007年5月16日「從新具像到新繪畫當代藝術展」當代唐人藝術中心 北京 中國

出版
2007年《從新具像到新繪畫》湖南美術出版社 北京 中國 (圖版,第230頁)

自1980年代初,張曉剛便是西南藝術群體的中堅份子。這種地區性的藝術家群組當時都為中國的文化狂熱所影響,熱烈的討論著中國藝術文化的何去何從。這重興趣使得張曉剛一直在探討精神的主題,以個人或詩意的象徵及圖案來表現犧牲、失落及夢想的形象。這超現實而懷舊的風格,使得張曉剛在表現出他內在的情思的同時,觀眾對此亦能有所呼應。

在他1998 年的油彩紙本作品《王者之樹》(Lot 1371),張曉剛創造了一個充滿生生不息、失去、奉獻的形象,關於生命、命運及自然的譬喻。在一片荒土之上,飄浮著一個如徽章般裝飾著奇怪人物的綠色形象。中央是一個紅色的男人半身像,圍繞他的,是數個橙黃色的女人,同時還有一個羊頭及一系列自然圖像。這些人物都如古代貴族般被飾以樹葉,而其不同的表情,則又表現了每個人物情緒的力量。底下是一個生在樹根之上,被著白布的奇怪的三首像。白布作為一個主題在畫中數度重現,先是圍著中央的紅頭,在背景的右上方的悲哀的和尚身上,以及地平線的樹上生出的頭中都可見到。這片荒土之上,僅有的便是這些結出人形果實的樹,以及奇怪的動物及行走的土著。

床單是張曉剛這個時期的一個重要圖像。它有著與聖經自我犧牲思想的聯想,但更多的是張曉剛本身一次瀕死的經驗,及醫院空床只剩床單的景像。張曉剛在他單色陰暗的畫面上,以紅黃二色作為超現實的膚色。對他來說,紅黃二色代表純潔與美的極致。紅在傳統中是生命、成就及快樂的顏色,而黃則是中國貴族的顏色。從這些象徵的選擇,觀眾不難發覺張曉剛把生命、家庭,命運,看成一個充滿爭鬥的循環。這可能來自他本身的家庭經歷,但以抽象圖案表現出來,則是中國美術的一個巨變,賦予了主觀的個人經歷重要怛,使得它成為先銳藝術中的重要題材。

出版
Hunan Fine Art Publishing, From New Figurative Image to New Painting, Beijing, China, 2007 (illustrated, p. 230).
展覽
Beijing, China, Tang Contemporary Art Center, From New Figurative Image to New Painting Contemporary Art Exhibition, 21 April-16 May 2007.

拍品專文

Beginning in the early 1980s, Zhang Xiaogang was an active member of the Southwest Artist Group, one of many regional artist caught up in China's "culture fever" and debates over the direction of national arts and culture. This interest led Zhang to explore almost exclusively spiritual themes, employing personal and poetic symbols and motifs, featuring images of martyrdom, loss, and dreaming. This surrealist-nostalgic style allowed Zhang not only to explore motifs that were the externalization of his own character and disposition, but also to render them in forms that were collectively appealing.

In his King of the Woods (Lot 1371) oil on paper work from 1988, Zhang creates a mysterious parable of life, fate, and nature, ripe with images of birth, rebirth, loss, and sacrifice. On a barren field floats a green symbolic form - almost like a coat of arms - with strange figures emblazoned upon it. The central image is that of the bust of man painted entirely in red, orbited by the detached likenesses of female figures, all in an ochre yellow, as well as a ram's head, and a range of organic imagery. All of the figures are wreathed in leaves, a classical motif suggesting their noble spirits, though the diversity of their expressions equally suggests the range of emotional significance each figure holds. The form rests on a curious three-headed form, itself growing out of the stylized roots of a tree and backed by white cloak. The fabric recurs as a motif throughout the canvas, framing the central figure's head, as well as in the background of the composition, in the mournful monk-like figure in the upper-right quadrant, and again wrapping around the features of another head growing out of a tree form on the horizon. The landscape is nearly barren, populated by these trees that bear human forms like fruit, by strange animals and roaming primitive figures.

The image of a bed sheet became a central image in Zhang's works of its period; it holds inevitable Biblical associations of self-sacrifice, but for Zhang it was actually drawn from his near-death experience, and the powerful image of a hospital bed empty but for the sheet left behind. Red and yellow are the colors Zhang continued to use as the surrealist skin tones in his otherwise monochromatic Bloodlines paintings. For Zhang, they embodied purity and the height of beauty, the red the traditional color of life, success, and happiness, and the yellow of Chinese nobility. With these cumulative symbolic choices, it is hard to ignore Zhang's feeling of life, family, and fate as one that is cyclical and full of strife. Such a theme has a likely source in Zhang's own complicated family history; but, the revelation of that history in abstracted, symbolic form, was a paradigm change for Chinese art, giving new legitimacy for the subjective, personal experience as a primary subject of the new avant-garde.

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