A FINE AND RARE PAIR OF FAMILLE ROSE PINK-ENAMELLED BOWLS
ANOTHER PROPERTY
清雍正 外胭脂紅釉內粉彩牡丹紋盌一對

YONGZHENG PERIOD (1723-1735)

細節
盌敞口,圓腹,圈足。外壁施胭脂紅釉,盌心粉彩繪折枝牡丹紋。足內白釉。

粉彩是借鑑琺瑯彩的調製方法發展出來的乳濁色系,因摻入了白色彩料而變得不透明,可以渲染出濃淡明暗的色彩效果,其中尤以粉紅及淡綠最清雅怡人。粉彩創燒於康熙朝,盛燒於雍正及乾隆,一直延燒至晚清。

學界普遍認為,胭脂紅釉肇始於康熙晚期,約公元1720年左右。在顯微鏡之下,這種顏料其實是含紅色微粒的透明玻璃溶液,其胭脂紅是以黃金的膠狀微粒呈色。中國的胭脂紅料與歐洲卡修斯紫金粉配方(Purple of Cassius)不同,後者由德國萊登的安德烈.卡修斯約1670年研製而成。中國畫琺瑯料含錫較低,為一種低溫可燒熔的有色玻璃粉末,在鉛系透明玻璃熱溶液中加入金屬著色劑,冷卻後將有色玻璃研磨呈粉末,再調和液體成為色釉。中國胭脂紅料所需黃金較少,且呈色較均勻。

臺北故宮博物院近期舉辦《金成旭映—清雍正琺瑯彩瓷》展覽,展出清宮舊藏數件胭脂紅釉器,見圖錄308-313號。書中論述,中國金紅料中常可見金微米顆粒,即所謂的析金現象,其可視為中國金紅料
特有的顯微特徵,並不存在於西洋金彩中。該院的胭脂紅器在顯微檢視下,大多皆有此析金現象,可說明當時西洋金彩與中國金彩可能同時在宮中使用及燒製。

此器源自H.M. Knight 舊藏,1970 年5 月12 日於倫敦蘇富比H.M. Knight專場拍賣,拍品114號。後成為
E.T. Hall 收藏,編號377、378 號,2004 年6 月7日於倫敦佳士得E.T. Hall 專場拍賣,拍品140 號。後由
英國私人收藏。
來源
H.M. Knight Collection
Sold at Sotheby's London, The Property of H.M Knight Esq., 12 May 1970, lot 114
E.T. Hall Collection, nos. 377 and 378
Sold at Christie's London, Chinese Monochrome Porcelain from the Collection of Professor E.T. Hall, C.B.E., 7 June 2004, lot 140

榮譽呈獻

Nick Wilson
Nick Wilson

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拍品專文

One of the achievements of the potters at the Imperial kilns, after their restoration in the early years of the Kangxi reign, was the increase of alkali level into the glaze recipe so that it produced a dense, slightly more opaque, glaze against which enamel colours would appear brighter. For a discussion, see R.E. Scott, '18th Century Overglaze Enamels: the Influence of Technological Developments on Painting Style', Style in the East Asian Tradition, (R.E. Scott ed.), Colloquies on Art and Archaeology in Asia No. 14, London, 1987, pp. 152-3.

Most scholars believe that pink enamel seems first to have appeared in the Chinese palette at the end of the Kangxi reign, in about AD 1720. Microscopic examination of this pink enamel has shown red particles immersed in a clear lead-potassium-silicate glass. The rose colour was due to minute colloidal particles of gold. The Chinese rose enamel appears different from the European equivalent colour - the so-called 'Purple of Cassius', developed by Andreas Cassius of Leyden in about 1670. It does not appear to have been made by the European 'Purple of Cassius' method. The Chinese enamel has a much lower tin content and the scientists concluded that it was made not by precipitation but by making up a ruby glass and grinding this up as a pigment to be dispersed in the clear enamel. The advantage of the Chinese method, was that it used less gold, and it was also easier to achieve an even colouration within the enamel.

A number of similar examples of Yongzheng period pink enamelled cups and bowls in the National Palace Museum are listed and discussed in the exhibition catalogue of Porcelain with painted enamels of Qing Yongzheng period, Taipei, 2013, pp. 308-313, where it is mentioned that under microscopic examination, the majority of these pieces show the presence of gold micro particles.

更多來自 <strong>中國宮廷御製藝術精品:重要中國瓷器及工藝精品</strong>

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