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細節
MISSAL, use of Rome, in Latin, ILLUMINATED MANUSCRIPT ON VELLUM
[Paris, c.1415 and c.1440]
288 x 195mm. ii + 268 leaves, 16, 2-98, 107(of 8, lacking viii), 116, 12-238, 244, 25-268, 277(i a singleton), 28-308, 317(of 8, lacking viii), 32-348, 357(of 8, lacking viii), also lacking at least one folio after gathering 20 where hand and text change, two columns of 18 lines written by two scribes in black ink in a gothic bookhand between 19 horizontals and 4 verticals ruled in brown, justification: 193 x 127mm, rubrics in red, one-line initials alternately of gold and blue with pen-work flourishing of black and red respectively, two-line initials with white-patterned staves alternately of pink and blue against grounds and infills of burnished gold with ivyleaf tendrils of pink, blue and orange-red, hairline sprays with gold ivyleaves and flowers extending into the margins, similar three-line initials of blue against pink grounds with white pen-work decoration and infills of burnished gold accompanied by borders made up of a baguette of gold and pink or blue with hairline sprays on three sides including acanthus leaves and naturalistically painted flowers among burnished gold ivyleaves and disks, TWO HISTORIATED INITIALS (four-lines high) and one ARCH-TOPPED MINIATURE all accompanied by full-page borders with baguettes of burnished gold with scrolling foliage of blue and orange-red and hairline tendrils with burnished gold foliage, acanthus sprays of blue or green reversing to pink or orange-red and occasional naturalistic flowers (slight pigment losses and rubbing to historiated initials and miniature, occasional smudging and spotting, a few folios dampstained or with careful repairs in lower margins, mostly 15th-century). 18th-century French red morocco gilt with green lettering-pieces (scuffed, small loss from upper cover). Modern blue box.
PROVENANCE:
1. The arms included in the historiated initial of f.156, gules a lion rampant checky argent and azure are those of the Guiccioli da Montelione. The Calendar is for the use of Albi: St Clarus (1 June), Sigolena (24 July), Eugenius (6 September), Carissima (7 September), Salvius (10 September), Marciana (5 November), Amerandus (7 November) and Cecilia patron of Albi (15 January Commemoration, and 22 November duplex major with an octave). )
2. Louis, bastard de Bourbon, comte de Rousillon and amiral de France, and his wife Jehanne bastarde de France. Louis was the son of Charles I Duke of Bourbon, his recruitment to the service of King Louis XI was cemented in 1465 by his marriage to the king's daughter Jeanne. He remained a faithful and successful supporter of the king, negotiating and fighting against his rivals, Charles of France and Charles the Bold, Duke of Burgundy and for the unification of France. The birth of the comte de Rousillon's first child Susanne on 19 March 1473 is recorded on the second flyleaf. Louis died in 1487 and was succeeded by his son Charles who died without issue in 1510.
3. Susanne comtesse de Roussillon: the birth and baptism of Philippe de Boulainvilliers, son of Philippe I and Franoise d'Anjou, in October 1526 is recorded on the second flyleaf. Suzanne was the godmother of Philippe and presumably presented the Missal as a baptismal gift.
4. Philippe, seigneur de Boulainvilliers and comte de Dampmartin: the births of his daughters Franoise and Marie in 1548 and 1550 are recorded on the verso of the second flyleaf.
CONTENTS:
Calendar ff.1-6; Masses from the Temporal, Christmas Day to Palm Sunday ff.7-44; Common of the Saints ff.44-53; Preparations for the Mass ff.53-54v; Masses from the Temporale, Maundy Thursday to Holy Innocents ff.54v-85, First Sunday in Advent until Ninth Sunday after Pentecost ff.85-155; Preparations for the Mass, prayers of oblation, noted Prefaces and noted Common Preface ff.156-179; Preparations for the Mass ff.180-183; Prefaces ff.184-191; Canon of the Mass ff.192-206; Benedictions ff.207-237; Votive Masses for the Days of the Week ff.238-268.
The Masses from the Temporale are unusual in both their selection and arrangement; they are not in the customary sequence following the Calendar and a few additions from the Sanctorale are incorporated. The opening section collects together all the major feasts of Christ: the Nativity, Circumcision, Epiphany, Easter Sunday and Ascension, and these are immediately followed by the Birth of the Baptist and Palm Sunday. The Common of Saints then precedes Maundy Thursday and a second sequence of Masses from the Temporale until the Feast of the Innocents; this is followed in turn by a final sequence beginning with the first Sunday in Advent, the customary opening point of a Missal. The informally written catchwords show that this was the original arrangement and that only one folio (and a final gathering) is lacking from within this block of text. With the exception of two gatherings, ff.180-191, the remainder of the manuscript is the work of a different scribe and a different illuminator. It is a more conventional, coherent composition comprising the core section of a Missal for the use of Rome. The formally written catchwords show this section to be lacking only a final folio and one other folio. The script and decoration of this section are the same as those of the Calendar and it seems likely that these were the earlist parts of the manuscript, made for a member of the Guicccioli family and for use in Albi, and that the remainder of the book was made some years later, perhaps for Louis, bastard of Bourbon.
ILLUMINATION:
The manuscript is richly and delicately decorated throughout but the second section of the book, ff.156-268, is of exceptional, high quality and is illuminated in the style of the Boucicaut Master. The borders where traditional stylised ivyleaves and flowerheads are combined with more colourful acanthus and naturalistic foliage sprays point to a date around 1415. Meiss suggested such a date for a Book of Hours with similar borders, then in a New York private collection, that he attributed to the Boucicaut Master and his workshop: M. Meiss, French Painting in the Time of Jean de Berry: The Boucicaut Master (London, 1968), figs 300-305. The settings, composition and drapery style of the miniatures of the present Missal also show a marked similarity with the New York manuscript and with those of Additional 16997 of the British Library, another Book of Hours identified as illuminated by the Boucicaut Master and his shop: Meiss, figs 283-299.
The subjects of the historiated initials and miniature are as follows:
f.156 crowned virgin martyr (probably intended to be Cecilia, patron saint of Albi, who was often shown with a crown in medieval art)
f.192 celebration of the Mass, the celebrant at an altar with a gilt altarpiece with the Crucifixion, three laymen kneeling behind him
f.207 mitred bishop in the apse of a church, standing in front of the bishop's throne and the altar blessing kneeling acolytes.
[Paris, c.1415 and c.1440]
288 x 195mm. ii + 268 leaves, 1
PROVENANCE:
1. The arms included in the historiated initial of f.156, gules a lion rampant checky argent and azure are those of the Guiccioli da Montelione. The Calendar is for the use of Albi: St Clarus (1 June), Sigolena (24 July), Eugenius (6 September), Carissima (7 September), Salvius (10 September), Marciana (5 November), Amerandus (7 November) and Cecilia patron of Albi (15 January Commemoration, and 22 November duplex major with an octave). )
2. Louis, bastard de Bourbon, comte de Rousillon and amiral de France, and his wife Jehanne bastarde de France. Louis was the son of Charles I Duke of Bourbon, his recruitment to the service of King Louis XI was cemented in 1465 by his marriage to the king's daughter Jeanne. He remained a faithful and successful supporter of the king, negotiating and fighting against his rivals, Charles of France and Charles the Bold, Duke of Burgundy and for the unification of France. The birth of the comte de Rousillon's first child Susanne on 19 March 1473 is recorded on the second flyleaf. Louis died in 1487 and was succeeded by his son Charles who died without issue in 1510.
3. Susanne comtesse de Roussillon: the birth and baptism of Philippe de Boulainvilliers, son of Philippe I and Franoise d'Anjou, in October 1526 is recorded on the second flyleaf. Suzanne was the godmother of Philippe and presumably presented the Missal as a baptismal gift.
4. Philippe, seigneur de Boulainvilliers and comte de Dampmartin: the births of his daughters Franoise and Marie in 1548 and 1550 are recorded on the verso of the second flyleaf.
CONTENTS:
Calendar ff.1-6; Masses from the Temporal, Christmas Day to Palm Sunday ff.7-44; Common of the Saints ff.44-53; Preparations for the Mass ff.53-54v; Masses from the Temporale, Maundy Thursday to Holy Innocents ff.54v-85, First Sunday in Advent until Ninth Sunday after Pentecost ff.85-155; Preparations for the Mass, prayers of oblation, noted Prefaces and noted Common Preface ff.156-179; Preparations for the Mass ff.180-183; Prefaces ff.184-191; Canon of the Mass ff.192-206; Benedictions ff.207-237; Votive Masses for the Days of the Week ff.238-268.
The Masses from the Temporale are unusual in both their selection and arrangement; they are not in the customary sequence following the Calendar and a few additions from the Sanctorale are incorporated. The opening section collects together all the major feasts of Christ: the Nativity, Circumcision, Epiphany, Easter Sunday and Ascension, and these are immediately followed by the Birth of the Baptist and Palm Sunday. The Common of Saints then precedes Maundy Thursday and a second sequence of Masses from the Temporale until the Feast of the Innocents; this is followed in turn by a final sequence beginning with the first Sunday in Advent, the customary opening point of a Missal. The informally written catchwords show that this was the original arrangement and that only one folio (and a final gathering) is lacking from within this block of text. With the exception of two gatherings, ff.180-191, the remainder of the manuscript is the work of a different scribe and a different illuminator. It is a more conventional, coherent composition comprising the core section of a Missal for the use of Rome. The formally written catchwords show this section to be lacking only a final folio and one other folio. The script and decoration of this section are the same as those of the Calendar and it seems likely that these were the earlist parts of the manuscript, made for a member of the Guicccioli family and for use in Albi, and that the remainder of the book was made some years later, perhaps for Louis, bastard of Bourbon.
ILLUMINATION:
The manuscript is richly and delicately decorated throughout but the second section of the book, ff.156-268, is of exceptional, high quality and is illuminated in the style of the Boucicaut Master. The borders where traditional stylised ivyleaves and flowerheads are combined with more colourful acanthus and naturalistic foliage sprays point to a date around 1415. Meiss suggested such a date for a Book of Hours with similar borders, then in a New York private collection, that he attributed to the Boucicaut Master and his workshop: M. Meiss, French Painting in the Time of Jean de Berry: The Boucicaut Master (London, 1968), figs 300-305. The settings, composition and drapery style of the miniatures of the present Missal also show a marked similarity with the New York manuscript and with those of Additional 16997 of the British Library, another Book of Hours identified as illuminated by the Boucicaut Master and his shop: Meiss, figs 283-299.
The subjects of the historiated initials and miniature are as follows:
f.156 crowned virgin martyr (probably intended to be Cecilia, patron saint of Albi, who was often shown with a crown in medieval art)
f.192 celebration of the Mass, the celebrant at an altar with a gilt altarpiece with the Crucifixion, three laymen kneeling behind him
f.207 mitred bishop in the apse of a church, standing in front of the bishop's throne and the altar blessing kneeling acolytes.