George Graham, London

A George II ebony and silver-mounted striking table clock with pull quarter repeat and silent verge escapement.  Circa 1745/50
No VAT will be charged on the hammer price, but VA… Read more THE WARWICK GRAHAM Warwick is undeniably one of the most beautiful mediaeval castles in England. Situated eight miles from Stratford-upon-Avon, Warwick, is a fortified town that was established in 914 by Aethelflaed, widow of King Ethelred to protect her from the Danes. Later in the 11th century William and Conqueror built the castle and it was run by his Norman Barons. In the 15th Century a more famous nobleman occupied the castle; Richard Neville was a military man and a politician who fought for the Yorkists in the wars of the Roses and secured the throne for Edward IV in 1461. He then changed allegiance and restored the Lancastrian Henry VI to the throne in the Battle of Barnet 1470 (and was killed in the process), earning him the now famous title 'The Kingmaker'. In the 16th and 17th Centuries the Greville family married into the title and the family name became Brooke (Willoughby de Broke). The second Lord Brooke fought against Charles I in the English civil war holding Warwick Castle against the Royalists but he later died in the battle of Lichfield in 1643. In 1727 Francis Greville, at the tender age of eight became the 8th Lord Brooke. His Grand Tour lasted five years and like many before and after him, his adventures opened his eyes to the fashions and new-fangled architecture in Continental Europe. At vast expense Warwick's gardens were re-modeled by Capability Brown, Canaletto was commissioned to paint a celebrated picture of the castle, the interior of the castle was re-decorated, many works of art acquired and in 1759 Brooke was elevated to the Earldom of Warwick. It was almost certainly against this background that the first Earl bought the present lot by George Graham. Later in the 19th Century the castle was again re-modeled by the 4th Earl. Later still, in the 1930's the 7th Earl took to Hollywood and starred alongside Errol Flynn and David Niven in Dawn Patrol. The castle was later sold and is now beautifully maintained by its present custodians. (www.warwick-castle.co.uk).
George Graham, London A George II ebony and silver-mounted striking table clock with pull quarter repeat and silent verge escapement. Circa 1745/50

Details
George Graham, London

A George II ebony and silver-mounted striking table clock with pull quarter repeat and silent verge escapement. Circa 1745/50
The case with foliate-tied gilt-brass handle to the inverted bell top, breakarch mouldings to the glazed sides, foliate cartouche ormolu mounts to the front door rails, the moulded base on squab ebony feet, the 5½ x 6¾ in. dial signed Geo: Graham London (with further similarly signed matted cartouche plaque), flanked by subsidiary silvered rings for pendulum regulation and strike/silent, foliate cast silver spandrels to the upper section, cherub mask-and-foliate spandrels to the lower corners, the silvered Roman and Arabic chapter ring with pierced blued steel hands, the pounced gilt-brass centre with calendar and mock pendulum apertures, latches to the dial feet and to the seven pillars of the movement with thick brass rectangular plates, twin chain fusees, silent verge escapement, pull quarter repeat on Tompion's system via double-cocked blued steel interlocking levers mounted on the backplate, the pendulum suspended from a rack-and-pinion operated bar above the plates, the backplate signed Geo: Graham London
14½ in. (37 cm.) high
Provenance
The Earls of Warwick and thence by descent
Sotheby's, London, 5 June 1997, lot 339
Special notice
No VAT will be charged on the hammer price, but VAT at 17.5% will be added to the buyer's premium which is invoiced on a VAT inclusive basis

Lot Essay

Very few extant clocks by Graham are known to have silent verge escapements. One might imagine that if someone could afford a table clock by George Graham then one could probably afford another timepiece spring clock for his sleeping quarters, so that his downstairs clock did not have to be brought upstairs each night. However the cost of a top quality clock at that time would have been a very expensive purchase and having more than one clock in a house was a great luxury. The silent verge system used on this clock was constructed with gut lines that were strung across the brass pallet blocks and this very greatly reduced the noise that is made when steel pallets are used. Instead, gut was used interacting with the brass crown wheel teeth, this was much quieter, but less accurate and more prone to wear.
This clock is unnumbered and it is likely that it was an unfinished clock when Graham died in 1751. There are various documented scratch repair marks referencing a James Bullock. It would appear that Bullock worked for Graham and then for Barkley and Colley, Graham's successors. There are references to another clock by Barkley and Colley with Bullock's scratch marks J. Bullock fecit 1753. A reference in the Register of Apprentices refers to an Edward Bullock, son of James Bullock of Leather Lane who was apprenticed in 1776, probably the one and the same James Bullock. The present lot is signed J.Bullock 1753 to the underside of the foot for the rise-and-fall.
The additional heavily matted plaque, also signed George Gaham London is held in place by the chapter ring and two flanking subsidiaries, without feet and pins. It was probably an owner, possibly the original owner, who thought that the matting in the dial centre and subsidiary dials conflicted with the plain gilt signature space between the two subsidiaries, and so a matted plaque was made to blend in with the dial centres. Fortunately the original signature has been preserved.

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