Compare with a hat stand in the Palace Museum, Beijing, included in the Royal Academy of Arts exhibition, China: The Three Emperors, London, 2005, catalogue, p. 44. fig. 15. Another very closely related hat stand with an Qianlong Imperial inscription in the British Museum collection was included in the Oriental Ceramic Society exhibition, Chinese Jade Throughout the Ages, Victoria and Albert Museum, 1975, no. 463.

Hat stands were also made in a variety of different materials including cloisonne enamel, porcelain, enamelled metal and wood. Compare with a similar hat stand placed in side the Sanxitang, 'The Studio of the Three Rarities', in the Hall of Mental Cultivation (fig. 1), seen in situ in a photograph illustrated by Hu Chui, The Forbidden City, Collection of Photographs, 1995, p. 57.