拍品专文
Nasir al-Din Tusi (b. AH 597/AD 1201 in Tus, d. AH 672/1274 AD in Baghdad), the most eminent scholar of the Medieval world in trigonometry and founder of the influential observatory at Maragha, wrote on a wide range of topics within the areas of mathematics and astronomy, but also on theology and logic.
He is known to have written another work on logic entitled Tajrid al-Mantiq in AH 656/1258 AD, which consists of nine chapters dealing with the principles of logic. The chapter sequence and opening sentences of the present work appear to be quite different.
The principal subjects discussed are the nature of existence and how it is perceived, definition of a word or term, genus and species, matter and form, syllogism and proposition, premises, facts and their determination, reasoning and judgement, analysis. At the end of the book, Tusi acknowledges that on every issue he has taken into account the work of his predecessors; throughout the work he refers in particular to "al-Sheikh" (Avicenna). The sequence of chapters follows that of Avicenna.
In addition to the title of the work and Tusi's name, the flyleaf of the book has a note of ownership by Yahya bin Muhammad bin Abdan bin al-Labbudi, a renowned scholar known as Najm al-Din Abu Zakariah al-Sahib (AH 607/1210 AD - c. AH 661/1263 AD). A contemporary of Tusi, he wrote a number of works, especially commentaries on the medicinal and philosophical works of Avicenna.
The work was written at a time when Tusi was living with the Nizari Isma'ilis in Kuhistan; this sect placed high value on intellectual activity, and established impressive libraries at Kuhistan and at Alamut which attracted eminent scholars such as Tusi. He entered the service of Nasir al-Din 'Abd al-Rahman bin Abu Mansur in Kuhistan in AH 624/1227 AD, dedicating his great work on ethics Akhlaq-i Nasiri to his patron. He subsequently went to Alamut until the collapse of the Nizari state in AH 654/1256 AD. Thereafter, he enjoyed the patronage of the Ilkhanid ruler Hulagu at Maragha, founding the famous observatory there in 1259, where he spent most of the rest of his life furthering the study of astronomy.
He had thus spent nearly thirty years with the Isma'ilis, the most productive period of his career, during which he produced his well-known works Akhlaq-i Nasiri and Akhlaq-i Muhtashimi as well as numeous treatises on astrology, philosophy and theology. There can be no doubt that Tusi embraced Nizari beliefs at least temporarily during this period, and it is likely that the Tahrir al-Mantiq reveals new areas of his thought.
(Daftary F.:The Isma'ilis Cambridge, 1990)
He is known to have written another work on logic entitled Tajrid al-Mantiq in AH 656/1258 AD, which consists of nine chapters dealing with the principles of logic. The chapter sequence and opening sentences of the present work appear to be quite different.
The principal subjects discussed are the nature of existence and how it is perceived, definition of a word or term, genus and species, matter and form, syllogism and proposition, premises, facts and their determination, reasoning and judgement, analysis. At the end of the book, Tusi acknowledges that on every issue he has taken into account the work of his predecessors; throughout the work he refers in particular to "al-Sheikh" (Avicenna). The sequence of chapters follows that of Avicenna.
In addition to the title of the work and Tusi's name, the flyleaf of the book has a note of ownership by Yahya bin Muhammad bin Abdan bin al-Labbudi, a renowned scholar known as Najm al-Din Abu Zakariah al-Sahib (AH 607/1210 AD - c. AH 661/1263 AD). A contemporary of Tusi, he wrote a number of works, especially commentaries on the medicinal and philosophical works of Avicenna.
The work was written at a time when Tusi was living with the Nizari Isma'ilis in Kuhistan; this sect placed high value on intellectual activity, and established impressive libraries at Kuhistan and at Alamut which attracted eminent scholars such as Tusi. He entered the service of Nasir al-Din 'Abd al-Rahman bin Abu Mansur in Kuhistan in AH 624/1227 AD, dedicating his great work on ethics Akhlaq-i Nasiri to his patron. He subsequently went to Alamut until the collapse of the Nizari state in AH 654/1256 AD. Thereafter, he enjoyed the patronage of the Ilkhanid ruler Hulagu at Maragha, founding the famous observatory there in 1259, where he spent most of the rest of his life furthering the study of astronomy.
He had thus spent nearly thirty years with the Isma'ilis, the most productive period of his career, during which he produced his well-known works Akhlaq-i Nasiri and Akhlaq-i Muhtashimi as well as numeous treatises on astrology, philosophy and theology. There can be no doubt that Tusi embraced Nizari beliefs at least temporarily during this period, and it is likely that the Tahrir al-Mantiq reveals new areas of his thought.
(Daftary F.:The Isma'ilis Cambridge, 1990)