Lot Essay
The pug gained particular significance in Europe following the Papal bill of 1738 forbidding Roman Catholics from belonging to Masonic orders. Many Catholics formed themselves into quasi-masonic lodges and took as their symbol the pug dog. In these orders of Möpsen (German for pugs), the ownership of such a box might have replaced the model pug which all initiates carried during lodge meetings. For more information on pug boxes, see A. Somers Cocks/C. Truman, The Thyssen-Bornemisza Collection - Renaissance jewels, gold boxes and objects de vertu, London, 1984, pp. 270-271.