MALEBRANCHE, Nicolas (1638-1715). Autograph letter signed ('Malebranche p[rêt]re de L'oratoire') to the natural historian Louis de Puget, 'Livry proche de Melun', 9 June n.y. [1708-1710], including mathematical calculations and two small geometrical figures in the text, and a long postscript, 4½ pages, 4to, integral address panel ('Monsieur du Puget en belle-cour à Lyon'), remains of seal (seal tear with loss of 4 (?) words on 2nd leaf, repaired on verso).
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MALEBRANCHE, Nicolas (1638-1715). Autograph letter signed ('Malebranche p[rêt]re de L'oratoire') to the natural historian Louis de Puget, 'Livry proche de Melun', 9 June n.y. [1708-1710], including mathematical calculations and two small geometrical figures in the text, and a long postscript, 4½ pages, 4to, integral address panel ('Monsieur du Puget en belle-cour à Lyon'), remains of seal (seal tear with loss of 4 (?) words on 2nd leaf, repaired on verso).

細節
MALEBRANCHE, Nicolas (1638-1715). Autograph letter signed ('Malebranche p[rêt]re de L'oratoire') to the natural historian Louis de Puget, 'Livry proche de Melun', 9 June n.y. [1708-1710], including mathematical calculations and two small geometrical figures in the text, and a long postscript, 4½ pages, 4to, integral address panel ('Monsieur du Puget en belle-cour à Lyon'), remains of seal (seal tear with loss of 4 (?) words on 2nd leaf, repaired on verso).

A CRITIQUE OF A FELLOW SCIENTIST. The letter considers in detail the astronomer Philippe de Villemot's Nouveau système ou nouvelle explication du mouvement des planètes (1707), praising its 'spirit and invention', but finding much to criticise: 'Son principe des forces centrifuges nest pas nouveau il a été proposé et démonstré par M[essieu]rs Newton Hugens Saurin de l'Hôpital etc quil me paroit quil navoit pas vus, par la manière dont il le démontre. Ainsi il peut en être regardé comme l'inventeur Mais le système quil batit sur ce principe ne me paroit pas si solide et si bien lié que celui de M Descartes avec lequel il a pourtant quelque rapport.' Furthermore, Villemot's concept of 'bouillonnement', based on the idea that the outer parts of a circulating fluid have more centrifugal force than the inner parts, strikes Malebranche as unconvincing: 'Sa raison ne me paroit pas bonne car il suffit que chaque point ou petite partie dune sphère inférieure ait plus de force centrifuge qu'une égale partie voisine de la surface supérieure pour prendre sa place... '

Embarking on the postscript (written in a significantly smaller hand) after reading more of the work, particularly relating to tides, Malebranche notes an inaccurate attribution to Descartes and an unproven theory about lunar flux and reflux, and continues his criticism. Mathematical calculations in the text substantiate his arguments before he arrives at a more favourable conclusion: 'Plus je lis le livre de Villemot plus s'augmente en moi l'estime que vous m'en avez inspirée. Je vous prie de l'en assurer et de luy offrir mes respects. Je suis à demi-persuadé de son bouillonnement - et que les objections que vous avez vues ici peuvent etre aisément éclaircies mais cette matière demande bien de la méditation et plus de loisir et desprit que je n'en ai'.

Malebranche, among the leading philosophers of his day, was a prominent disciple of Descartes, whose ideas on mind and matter he developed bringing them more into line with orthodox Roman Catholic beliefs. His best known work was De la Recherche de la vérité (1674), but by the 6th edition (1712) he was obliged to modify his original faithfulness to Descartes whose theory of vortices, repudiated by Newton, was the subject of intense debate.

The letter is not in the Oeuvres complètes, vol. XIX: correspondance et actes 1690-1715, ed. André Robinet (Paris, 1961).
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