GRADUAL, in Latin
GRADUAL, in Latin
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GRADUAL, in Latin

Illuminated manuscript on vellum [Spain, first half 16th century]

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GRADUAL, in Latin
Illuminated manuscript on vellum [Spain, first half 16th century]
GRADUAL, in Latin, illuminated manuscript on vellum [Spain, first half 16th century].

A gargantuan Spanish choirbook in its contemporary painted binding containing the propers and choral chants for the Mass, commissioned by Ysabel del Spiritu Sancto. The volume opens with the Introit for the Mass of the First Sunday in Advent and ends with the Beheading of John the Baptist.

515 x 350mm. i (pastedown) + 151 + i (pastedown), collation: 19 (i a pastedown, stub at the end of the gathering), 2-48 , 52, 6-98, 104 (of 8, 4 leaves excised at the center of gathering), 11-188, 196, 20-218, 224, most catchwords and some gathering signatures survive, rubrics in red, 5 to 6 lines of text with 5-line staves in red, 129 calligraphic capitals throughout, 172 capitals alternating red and blue, two large illuminated initials (lacking four leaves, marginal thumbing and staining, especially towards the end, occasional cockling, some natural flaws to the vellum). Contemporary binding with brass center- and corner-pieces and catch, three painted coats of arms and six bunched arrows on front and back covers (scuffed and worn, remnants of painted floral decorations).

Provenance: (1) Ysabel del Spiritu Sancto, who had the book made at a cost of 57 ducats, her ownership inscription on f.1: 'Este libro se hizo por orde[n] y y [sic] mandado de la Seno[ra] ysabel del spírítu sa[n]cto Costo cincue[n]ta y siete ducados'
(2) The three painted coats of arms on the bindings are scuffed and difficult to identify, but they appear to be: 1) gules a bend or charged with three unidentified objects; 2) quarterly: 1 and 4 or a tower gules, 2 and 3 or a lion rampant gules, reminiscent of the coat of arms of Castille and Leon, and very close to that of the Emparan family of Guipúzcoa; and 3) fusilly or and gules, which belongs to a number of Spanish families, including the Tejedor family of Salamanca and Castile (Alonso de Tejedor accompanied Hernán Cortés to the Americas). The six bunched arrows on the lower half of the binding recall the yoke and arrows that were the symbol of Ferdinand II of Aragon and Isabella I of Castille.

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