Lot Essay
John Heysham Gibbon, Jr. (1903-1973) was an American doctor recognized for his innovative work in the field of cardiology. He is credited for inventing the heart-lung machine, otherwise known as "the pump," used in cardiopulmonary bypass to temporarily take over the function of the heart and lungs during surgery. He performed the first successful open heart surgery with this invention on 6 May 1953 at Thomas Jefferson University Hospital in Philadelphia.