A MAGNIFICENT PAIR OF CLOISONNE ENAMEL FIGURES OF CAPARISONED ELEPHANTS
A MAGNIFICENT PAIR OF CLOISONNE ENAMEL FIGURES OF CAPARISONED ELEPHANTS
A MAGNIFICENT PAIR OF CLOISONNE ENAMEL FIGURES OF CAPARISONED ELEPHANTS
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清乾隆 掐絲琺瑯太平有象尊一對

QIANLONG PERIOD (1736-1795)

細節
清乾隆 掐絲琺瑯太平有象尊一對

尊為立象形,四肢直立,長鼻微卷,雙牙尖長,身配轡頭、披掛,背披鞍韉,上馱方尊。通體施秋香色琺瑯釉為地,上飾掐絲水波紋為象身的肌理。韉上飾雲龍紋,鞍面鏨刻蓮紋,兩側嵌藍色寶石,鞍上置鋪首活環耳尊。

此對大象體態碩大渾圓,神情憨態可掬,結合鎏金掐絲、錘堞技法,工藝規準精巧,氣度雍容大方,施釉簡約而高。

象性情溫和,行為端正,知恩必報,能負遠行,獲稱為「獸中之德者」。相傳象為耀光之星生成,能照靈瑞,普賢菩薩就是乘象而來,只有在仁君自養有德時,靈象才出現。《漢書.王芥傳》曰:「天下太平,五穀成熟」。太平有象寓天下太平、五穀豐登、國泰民安之意。

乾隆四十一年(1776年)廣東巡府李侍堯進貢錘堞起線掐絲琺瑯大象,深得乾隆喜愛,賜名「太平有象」,曾陳設於御花園北端供奉玄武大帝的道教神殿欽安殿內。在宮廷很多大殿中均有太平有象陳設,養心殿東暖閣寶座前置有一對與此器頗為接近的掐絲琺瑯太平有象尊,可見「太平有象」為帝王對治理天下的最高期望。

承德避暑山莊藏二例與本對大象之形制相近,一為象馱胡人,一為象負寶瓶,見1999年台北出版《清宮秘藏:承德避暑山莊藏傳佛教文物特展圖錄》,圖版71號(圖一),該二例均為佛壇供器。

傳此拍品曾為英國前首相邱吉爾之舊藏,經倫敦斯賓克賣出,傳到希臘船王奧納西斯手中,他再送給美籍希臘歌劇女高音瑪麗亞卡拉絲(Maria Callas)作禮物,1978年6月14日於巴黎Boisgirard & Associes瑪麗亞卡拉絲專拍中拍賣,拍品71號,後由倫敦古董商A & J Speelman、Christopher Bruckner先後收藏。
來源
Winston Churchill Estate (by repute)
Spink & Son Ltd., London
Aristotle Onassis
The Estate of Maria Callas; Boisgirard & Associes, Paris, 14 June 1978, lot 71
A & J Speelman Ltd., London
Christopher Bruckner, London

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Angela Kung
Angela Kung

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拍品專文

Figures of elephants made from various media were found in halls and throne rooms throughout the Imperial palaces. They are associated with strength, wisdom and long-life and are also significant animals within the Buddhist religion. A prominent member of the Buddhist pantheon, Samantabhadra (Puxian), is frequently shown seated on an elephant. They are considered guardians of honour and were symbols of peace and good harvests. Ornately embellished the imagery of an elephant supporting a vase on its back forms the auspicious rebus, Taiping Jingxian or Taiping Youxian, conveying the message of peace and harmony.

In the 40th year of the Qianlong reign (1776), a massive single cloisonne enamel elephant was given as a tribute to Qianlong Emperor by Li Shiyao, Governor-general of Guangdong and Guangxi Provinces (see Metal-Bodied Enamel Ware, The Complete Collection of Treasures of the Palace Museum, vol. 43, Hong Kong, 2002, p. 142-3, pl. 137). Emperor Qianlong was very pleased and named it 'Taiping Youxiang', and was placed in the Daoist temple in the Imperial garden Qin'andian, the Hall of Imperial Peace.

A pair of similar elephants is illustrated in Daily Life in the Forbidden City, 1988, pl. 86, shown flanking a throne in the Eastern Chamber in the Yangxindian, the Hall of Mental Cultivation, where the Emperor received his officials, and Empress Cixi summoned ministers to audiences during the reigns of Tongzhi and Guangxu. Two examples, one modelled with the elephant supporting a foreigner on its back and the other supporting a vase, are in Bishushanzhuan, the imperial summer resort at Chengde, and both are illustrated in Buddhist Art from Rehol, Tibetan Buddhist images and ritual objects from the Qing Dynasty Summer Palace at Chengde, Taipei, 1999, pp. 164-165, no. 71 (fig. 1); these are catalogued as for display on Buddhist altars.

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