Sir Joshua Reynolds

Sir Joshua Reynolds fu un pittore inglese e uno dei ritrattisti più influenti del XVIII secolo. In qualità di presidente fondatore della Royal Academy of Arts, plasmò lo sviluppo dell’arte britannica del suo tempo, diventando una figura di spicco nella creazione del «Grand Manner», uno stile estetico idealizzato derivato dal classicismo e dall’arte del Rinascimento maturo.

Joshua Reynolds nacque nel 1723 a Plympton, nel Devon, nell’ , e mostrò fin da giovane un talento per il disegno. Fu apprendista del ritrattista Thomas Hudson a Londra prima di intraprendere un viaggio in Italia nel 1749, dove studiò le opere dei grandi maestri, tra cui Michelangelo, Raffaello e Tiziano. Questo viaggio influenzò profondamente il suo stile e la sua filosofia artistica, che avrebbe poi articolato nei suoi «Discorsi sull’arte» (1769–90), una serie di conferenze tenute alla Royal Academy che sottolineavano l’importanza di studiare l’arte classica e di sviluppare uno stile personale.

I ritratti di Reynolds divennero sinonimo dell’aristocrazia britannica e della nascente cultura delle celebrità. I suoi ritratti, realizzati con colori intensi e pose mutuate dalla pittura classica, ritraevano i soggetti in una luce nobile ed eroica, esaltandone il carattere e lo status.

L’artista ebbe un ruolo fondamentale nell’affermazione del ritratto come genere dominante nell’arte britannica. La maestria di Reynolds nell’uso della luce, del colore e della composizione contribuì a elevare il ritratto al livello della pittura storica, considerata all’epoca la forma d’arte più elevata.

Nel 1768, con la fondazione della Royal Academy of Arts, Reynolds ne divenne il primo presidente e rimase in carica fino alla sua morte, avvenuta nel 1792. Attraverso la sua arte, i suoi insegnamenti e i suoi scritti, Sir Joshua Reynolds ha lasciato un’eredità duratura nel panorama dell’arte britannica.


Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A. (Plympton, Devon 1723-1792 London)

Portrait of Lady Frances Marsham, later Countess of Romney (1755-1795), full-length, in a yellow dress and pink shawl, in a park landscape

Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A. (Plympton, Devon 1723-1792 London)

Portrait of Prince William Augustus, Duke of Cumberland (1721-1765), three-quarter-length, as a Ranger of Windsor Great Park, with the star and sash of the Order of the Garter, the tower of Fort Belvedere, Windsor Great Park, beyond

Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A. (Plympton, Devon 1723-1792 London)

Portrait of Luke Gardiner, 1st Viscount Mountjoy (1745-1798), half-length, in a beige, fur-trimmed coat, white stock and striped red waistcoat

Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A. (Devon 1723-1792 London)

Edwin: Study of a young boy, half-length, in a brown coat, white shirt and blue sash

Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A. (Devon 1723-1792 London)

Portrait of William Charles Colyear, Viscount Milsington, later 3rd Earl of Portmore (1747-1823), when a boy, half-length, in a grey coat, leaning on a table, with a spaniel

Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A. (Plympton, Devon 1723-1792 London)

Portrait of the artist, half-length, in a lilac coat

SIR JOSHUA REYNOLDS, P.R.A. (PLYMPTON 1723-1792 LONDON)

Portrait of Edwin, 2nd Baron Sandys (1726-1797), half-length, in a pink and green velvet waistcoat and jacket

Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A. (Plympton, Devon 1723-1792 London)

Portrait of Elizabeth, Lady Forbes (c. 1750-1802), half-length, in a white dress and a pink mantle, with feathers, ribbons and pearls in her hair

Sir Joshua Reynolds (Plympton, Devon 1723-1792 London)

Portrait of the artist, half-length, in a dark green coat, with a white cravat and spectacles

Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A. (Devon 1723-1778)

Portrait of James Hay (1726-1778), 15th Earl of Erroll, full-length, in Coronation robes, holding the baton of the Lord High Constable of Scotland, a balustrade and a tree beyond

Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A. (Plympton 1723-1792 London)

Portrait of Elizabeth Falconer, Mrs. Stanhope, as Contemplation, three-quarter-length, in a white satin dress, before a draped curtain

Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A. (Plympton 1723-1792 London)

Portrait of Francis Basset, later 1st Baron de Dunstanville and Basset (1757-1835), standing three-quarter-length, in a red suit and undergraduate robes, a mortar-board on the wall beside him

Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A. (Plympton 1723-1792 London)

Portrait of the Hon. John Tufton (1773-1799), full-length, in green classical dress, playing with a spaniel in a landscape

Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A. (1723-1792)

Portrait of James Hay (1726-1778), 15th Earl of Erroll, full-length, in Coronation robes, holding the baton of the Lord High Constable of Scotland, a tree and a balustrade beyond

Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A. (Plympton, Devon 1723-1792 London)

Self-portrait of the artist, aged seventeen (recto ) , with a subsidiary study of Diana ( verso )

Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A. (Plympton 1723-1792 London)

Portrait of General William John Kerr, 5th Marquess of Lothian (1737-1815), styled Lord Newbottle and later Earl of Ancram, half-length

Attributed to Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A. (Plympton, Devon 1723-1792 London) and Studio

Portrait of Denis Daly (1747-1791), three-quarter-length, in a brown coat, buff striped waistcoat and brown breeches, leaning on a pedestal, with his tricorn hat, in a landscape

Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A. (Plympton, Devon 1723-1792 London)

Portrait of Sir John St. Aubyn, 5th Bt., M.P. (1758-1839), half-length, in a dark coat and neckcloth

SIR JOSHUA REYNOLDS, P.R.A. (PLYMTON 1732-1792 LONDON)

Portrait of Sir John Honywood (1757-1806), 4th Baronet, three-quarter-length, in a black coat, beside a tree with a dog

Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A. (Plympton Devon 1723-1792 London)

Portrait of Richard Boyle, 2nd Earl of Shannon (1727-1807), three-quarter-length, in a green waistcoat with gold trim and a grey coat, a tricorn under his left arm, in a landscape

Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A. (Plympton, Devon 1723-1792 London)

Portrait of Mrs Collyear, half-length, in a pink dress, with a rose and a green sash

Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A. (Plympton, Devon 1723-1792 London)

Portrait of Mrs. Thomas Edwards Freeman (1758-1782), three-quarter-length, in a white satin gown with a pink wrap, seated on a sofa in an interior

Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A. (Plympton, Devon 1723-1792 London) and Studio

Portrait of Frederick William Ernest, Count von Schaumburg-Lippe (1724-1777), three-quarter-length, in the blue uniform of a Hanoverian Field Marshal with the ribbon of the Black Eagle of Prussia, a battle beyond

SIR JOSHUA REYNOLDS, P.R.A (PLYMPTON 1723-1792 LONDON)

A young girl holding her cat, with a landscape in the distance

Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A. (Plympton 1723-1792 London)

Portrait of Bridget Morris, later Mrs. Lockwood, half-length, in a white silk dress and blue robe with ermine trim

Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A. (Plympton Devon 1723-1792 London)

Portrait of Mrs Wells, three-quarter-length, seated, in a striped dress and straw hat

Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A. (Plympton, Devon 1723-1792 London)

Portrait of Charles Colyear, 2nd Earl of Portmore (1700-1785), half-length, in a blue coat. with the badge and sash of the Order of the Thistle, a tricorn under his left arm

Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A. (Devon 1723-1792 London)

Portrait of a lady, bust-length, with pearl earrings, unfinished

SIR JOSHUA REYNOLDS, P.R.A (PLYMPTON 1723-1792 LONDON)

Portrait of General William John Kerr (1737-1815), 5th Marquess of Lothian, styled Lord Newbottle and later Earl of Ancram, half-length

After Sir Joshua Reynolds; and English School, 18th Century

Portrait of the artist, bust-length, in a red jacket ( recto ); and Portrait of gentleman, traditionally identified as Thomas Haden, in a brown jacket, sketching ( verso )

SIR JOSHUA REYNOLDS, P.R.A. (PLYMPTON 1723-1792 LONDON)

Portrait of George Townshend, 1st Marquess Townshend (1724-1807), half-length, in armour

Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A. (Devon 1723-1792 London)

Portrait of Admiral Thomas Cotes, half-length, in flag Officer's uniform

SIR JOSHUA REYNOLDS, P.R.A. (PLYMPTON, DEVON 1723-1792 LONDON)

Portrait of Lady Dashwood (1763-1796), seated, half-length, and her son, Henry George Mayne (1782-1803)

FOLLOWER OF SIR JOSHUA REYNOLDS, P.R.A.

Portrait of Miss Ridge, bust-length

Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A. (Plympton, Devon 1723-1792 London)

Portrait of William Bagot, later 1st Baron Bagot (1728-1798), half-length, in a grey coat with a blue waistcoat, in a feigned oval

SIR JOSHUA REYNOLDS, P.R.A. (PLYMPTON 1723-1792 LONDRES)

Esquisse pour le portrait de Lady Stanhope

Studio (?) of Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A. (Plympton, Devon 1723-1792 London)

Portrait of Catherine Schindlerin, bust-length, in a black coat and white neck and head scarf with pink bows, holding a muff, in a feigned oval

Sir Joshua Reynolds, P. R. A. (Plympton, Devon 1723-1792 London)

Portrait of Emilia Vansittart (1778-1791), half-length, in a pink and white dress, holding a dog, in a painted oval

Follower of Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A.

Portrait of a lady, traditionally identified as Miss Anna Maria Patten, half-length, with her spaniel in a landscape

Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A. (Plympton, Devon 1723-1792 London)

Portrait of an officer, half-length, in a green waistcoat, red jacket and lace cravat

Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A. (Plympton 1723-1792 London)

Portrait of Field Marshal Charles Moore, 6th Earl and 1st Marquess of Drogheda (1730-1822), half-length, in the uniform of the 19th Light Dragoons, his left hand resting on a plumed helmet placed on a plinth

Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A. (Plympton 1723-1792 London)

Portrait of Montagu Edmund Parker (1737–1813), bust-length, in a blue frock coat and red velvet collar with gold buttons, in a feigned oval

Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A. (Devon 1723-1792 London)

Portrait of Emma Gilbert (1729-1807), later Countess of Mount Edgcumbe, half-length, in a pink dress with lace trim, an oyster satin wrap, and bonnet with pink ribbons

SIR JOSHUA REYNOLDS, P.R.A. (PLYMPTON, DEVON 1723-1792 LONDON)

Portrait of Mrs. Elizabeth Bradshaw, née Wilson (d. 1802), half-length, in a white silk dress with an ermine-lined blue cloak

Sir Joshua Reynolds P.R.A. (Devon 1723-1792 London)

Portrait of Robert Cunninghame Graham (1735-1797), bust-length