温斯顿·丘吉尔(Winston Churchill)是二十世纪最重要的政治人物与演说家之一,他同时也是一位成就斐然的画家。绘画创作恰好为他紧张的政治生活提供了一种平衡。
丘吉尔开始画画的时间相对较晚,始于1915年。当时他在加里波利战役后被迫辞去海军大臣职位,而这项新发现的爱好后来成为他终身的热情,在他人生最艰难的时期为他带来了慰藉、创造性的满足感以及表达自我的方式。
丘吉尔没有受过正式的绘画训练,但他以惯有的活力与决心投入其中。他偏爱风景与静物,描绘的对象多为查特韦尔庄园的家中景致,以及他在欧洲和地中海地区旅行时所见的风光。早期作品受到印象派画家的影响,尤其是他们对光线与色彩的运用。丘吉尔主要使用油画创作,这与他大胆、直觉式的绘画风格十分契合。
丘吉尔的代表作品包括《查特韦尔庄园的金鱼塘》(The Goldfish Pool at Chartwell, 1932年),这幅画寄托了他对肯特郡故居的喜爱;另一经典之作为《库图比亚清真寺宣礼塔》(Tower of the Koutoubia Mosque,1943年),画中勾勒出远眺马拉喀什城廓的风光。丘吉尔游历法国南部、北非等日照充沛之地,深深影响其创作用色,画作中常见澄澈明快的蓝调、翠绿与赭色。
丘吉尔的艺术造诣于在世之时便已获得认可。1921 年,他为避开外界过度关注,化名“查尔斯·莫林”(Charles Morin)首度参展。及至 1947 年,其画作声名远播,更获封皇家艺术学院荣誉院士。他所著的《画画作为消遣》(Painting as a Pastime,1948)真切阐述自身艺术观点,认为绘画既是抚慰心灵的疗愈活动,亦是纾解政务重压、抽离公职纷扰的精神寄托。
尽管丘吉尔作画是为了个人乐趣,如今他的画作已被视为其遗产中举足轻重的一部分。世人向来将他与果敢行事、滔滔雄辩划上等号,而这些画作恰恰展露了他内敛深沉、静思自省的另一面。他的许多画作由私人收藏,另有部分作品则陈列于现由英国国民信托代管的查特韦尔庄园之内,让后人得以透过这些画作一窥这位二十世纪复杂人物的内心世界。
SIR WINSTON CHURCHILL, O.M., R.A. (1874-1965)
Tower of the Koutoubia Mosque
SIR WINSTON CHURCHILL, O.M., R.A. (1874-1965)
Scene at Marrakech
SIR WINSTON CHURCHILL, O.M., R.A. (1874-1965)
The Bridge at Aix-en-Provence
SIR WINSTON CHURCHILL, O.M., R.A. (1874-1965)
St Paul's Churchyard
SIR WINSTON SPENCER CHURCHILL, O.M., R.A. (1874-1965)
By Lake Lugano
SIR WINSTON CHURCHILL, O.M., R.A. (1874-1965)
The Bay of Èze
Sir Winston Churchill, O.M., R.A. (1874-1965)
Villa on the Nivelle
Sir Winston Churchill, O.M., R.A. (1874-1965)
A View of Marrakech
Sir Winston Churchill, O.M., R.A. (1874-1965)
The Giza Pyramids at Cairo
SIR WINSTON SPENCER CHURCHILL, O.M., R.A. (1874-1965)
Coastal Scene in the South of France, with a Cactus
SIR WINSTON CHURCHILL, O.M., R.A. (1874-1965)
View of the Mediterranean near San Raphael
SIR WINSTON SPENCER CHURCHILL (BRITISH, 1874-1965)
Interior, the Long Gallery at Sutton Place
SIR WINSTON CHURCHILL, O.M., R.A. (1874-1965)
Still Life, Silver at Chartwell
Sir Winston Churchill, O.M., R.A. (1874-1965)
The Cathedral, Hackwood Park
Sir Winston Churchill, O.M., R.A. (1874-1965)
The Beach at Walmer
Sir Winston Churchill, O.M., R.A. (1874-1965)
The Terrace at Mrs Alice Keppel's Villa d'Ombrellino near Florence
SIR WINSTON SPENCER CHURCHILL, O.M., R.A. (1874-1965)
Riviera Coast Scene
Sir Winston Churchill, O.M., R.A. (1874-1965)
The Ancient Olive Grove at La Dragonnière, Cap Martin
Sir Winston Churchill, O.M., R.A. (1874-1965)
Sunset over the Atlas Mountains
Sir Winston Churchill, O.M., R.A. (1874-1965)
The Seashore
Sir Winston Churchill, O.M., R.A. (1874-1965)
The Colleoni Memorial, Venice
SIR WINSTON CHURCHILL, O.M., R.A. (1874-1965)
The Canal at St-Georges-Motel
Sir Winston Churchill, O.M., R.A. (1874-1965)
The Ruins of Arras Cathedral (after Sargent)
Sir Winston Churchill, O.M., R.A. (1874-1965)
Valley of the Ourika, near Marrakech
Sir Winston Spencer Churchill, O.M., R.A. (1874-1965)
Woodland scene near Mimizan
THE ATLANTIC CHARTER
SIGNED BY FRANKLIN D. ROOSEVELT AND WINSTON CHURCHILL
Sir Winston Churchill, O.M., R.A. (1874-1965)
Garden Scene
Sir Winston Spencer Churchill, O.M., R.A. (1874-1965)
Café at St. Jean de Luz
Sir Winston Spencer Churchill, O.M., R.A. (1874-1965)
Inlet in the South of France
Sir Winston Churchill, O.M., R.A. (1874-1965)
Interior of a Studio, Lady Kitty Somerset at an easel
CHURCHILL, Winston S. (1874-1965)
[Collected Speeches. 1941-1948]
CHURCHILL, Winston S. (1874-1965)
The Second World War . Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1948-1954.
CHURCHILL, Winston S. (1874-1965)
A History of the English-Speaking Peoples . London: 1956-1958.